| 神农架大九湖两种鲤科鱼重金属污染状况分析 |
| Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Two Cyprinid Species in Dajiuhu Wetland, Shennongjia |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-14 修订日期：2020-04-26 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202001140014 |
| 中文关键词:神农架 大九湖 鲫 麦穗鱼 重金属污染 |
| 英文关键词:Shennongjia Dajiuhu wetland Carassius auratus Pseudorasbora parva heavy metal concentration |
| 基金项目:湖北省对外科技合作项目（2016AHB013） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对鱼体不同部位的7种重金属含量进行检测和分析，并进行鱼类食用健康风险评价，为大九湖湿地水环境重金属污染监控预警、风险管理提供科学依据。在大九湖湿地共采集鲫32尾，麦穗鱼75尾，测定Zn、Cu、Cd、Cr、Pb、As、Hg含量，采用单因子污染指数、内梅罗（Nemero）综合污染指数评价污染状况，比较当地居民每周重金属摄入量与成年人每周可耐受量评价鱼的食用安全性。结果表明：大九湖麦穗鱼肌肉中的Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg含量均显著高于鲫肌肉；鲫的鳃、消化道、生殖腺和肌肉中的重金属含量差异明显，其中Hg在肌肉中含量最高，其余重金属均在消化道中含量最高；麦穗鱼肌肉的综合污染水平为轻度污染，鲫为无污染；大九湖鲫和麦穗鱼肌肉均存在As超标，但2种鱼类食用安全风险总体较低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dajiuhu wetland of Shennongjia is the largest and highest alpine wetland in central China and is important for conserving water sources for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. In this study, two common Cyprinid species (Carassius auratus and Pseudorasbora parva) in Dajiuhu wetland were selected as environmental indicators and heavy metal contamination of the two species was investigated using the single factor pollution index and the comprehensive Nemerow heavy metal pollution index. The health risk of fish consumption was assessed by comparing estimated weekly heavy metal intake per capita to the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The objective was to provide scientific evidence for early warning and risk control of heavy metal pollution in Dajiuhu wetland. In November 2016, April, July and November 2017, April and July 2018, 32 C. auratus and 75 P.?parva specimens were collected in Lakes 1-5 of Dajiuhu wetland. The content of Zn，Cu，Cd，Cr，Pb，As and Hg were measured in the gill，digestive tract，gonad and muscle of C. auratus and in the muscle of P.?parva. Concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Hg (22.441, 0.035, 0.210, 0.109 mg/kg)in the muscle of P. parva were significantly higher than those in the muscle of C. auratus (16.240, 0.008, 0.072, 0.082 mg/kg). Heavy metal concentrations varied significantly among tissue types (gill，digestive tract，gonad and muscle) of C. auratus. Hg content was the highest in muscle, while Zn，Cu，Cd，Cr，Pb，As were highest in the digestive tract. The Nemerow comprehensive heavy metal pollution index for the two species shows that the muscle tissue of P. parva in Dajiuhu wetland is slightly contaminated, but the muscle tissue C. auratus is not. The concentration of Hg in the muscle of C. auratus from Dajiuhu wetland was higher than levels found in other study areas and attributed to the unique alpine environment. Although the concentration of As in the muscle of C. auratus (0.135 mg/kg)and P. parva (0.153 mg/kg) exceeded the maximum level stipulated by national regulations, the estimated dietary exposures of heavy metals for local adults were lower than the PTWI, indicating that consumption of the two species from Dajiuhu wetland poses a low risk. |
| 楚禄建,杨晓菁,刘金铃,莫家勇.2021.神农架大九湖两种鲤科鱼重金属污染状况分析[J].水生态学杂志,42(4):76-83. |
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