| 投喂频率对史氏鲟幼鱼生长、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响 |
| Effects of Feeding Frequency on Growth, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Response of Juvenile Acipenser schrenckii |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-30 修订日期：2021-07-26 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.201907300190 |
| 中文关键词:史氏鲟幼鱼 投喂频率 生长 抗氧化 免疫 |
| 英文关键词:Acipenser schrenckii feeding frequency growth antioxidant capacity immune response |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金（编号：51309204） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究史氏鲟（Acipenser schrenckii）幼鱼的最低适宜投喂频率，将实验鱼的投喂频率分别设定为2、1、0.5、0.25、0.125次/d，养殖56 d后测定其生长、抗氧化和免疫指标。结果显示，随着投喂频率的降低，史氏鲟幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率、肝体比和脏体比显著降低（P<0.05），而存活率和肥满度无显著性变化（P>0.05）。在抗氧化指标中，随着投喂频率的降低，肝脏T-AOC、SOD活性呈逐渐降低的趋势，2次/d组T-AOC活性与0.5、0.25、0.125次/d组均存在显著性差异（P<0.05），但各组之间SOD活性的差异不显著（P>0.05）；肝脏CAT活性和GSH含量呈先升高、后降低的趋势，0.5、0.25次/d组肝脏CAT活性显著高于0.125次/d组（P<0.05），1次/d组GSH含量显著高于0.5、0.25和0.125次/d组（P<0.05）；肝脏MDA含量呈逐渐增加的趋势，0.5、0.25、0.125次/d组MDA含量显著高于2、1次/d组（P<0.05）。免疫指标中，随着投喂频率的降低，实验鱼肝脏LZM活性逐渐降低，2次/d组与0.125次/组差异显著（P<0.05）；而肝脏IgM含量呈先升高、后降低的趋势，0.25次/d组显著高于2、0.125次/d组（P<0.05）。综合各项指标，建议史氏鲟幼鱼的最低适宜投喂频率为1次/d，以避免投喂频率过低对鱼体造成的胁迫氧化损伤。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Acipenser schrenckii (Amur sturgeon) is the primary species of sturgeon cultured in China and it has high nutritional and economic value. Improper feeding can result in deteriorating aquaculture water quality, so feeding frequency is critical for healthy culturing of A. schrenckii. In this study, we studied the effects of feeding frequency on the growth, antioxidant capacity and immune indices of juvenile A. schrenckii, aiming to find out the optimal feeding frequency and provide theoretical guidance for the intensive healthy culture of A. schrenckii. Five feeding frequencies (2, 1，0.5，0.25 and 0.125 times/d) were set for the 56-day experiment and 300 7-month-old A. schrenckii juveniles were selected for testing (60 fish/treatment), with an average body weight of （377.40±13.59） g and average body length of （34.15±1.63 ）cm. During the experiment, water temperature, DO, pH, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water were sustained, respectively, at 17.2-19.5℃, 6.0-7.0 mg/L, 7.2-7.6, <0.1 mg/L and <0.05 mg/L. At the end of the experiment, 15 individuals were sampled from each treatment. Indicators of growth, antioxidant capacity and immune responses were measured and each was significantly affected by feeding frequency. As feeding frequency decreased, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viserosomatic index (VSI) of juvenile A. schrenckii significantly decreased (P<0.05), but survival rate (SR) and condition factor (CF) did not change significantly (P>0.05). In terms of the antioxidant capacity, the activities of T-AOC and SOD in the liver gradually decreased with decreased feeding frequency. The T-AOC activity in the 2 times/d feeding group was significantly different from that in the 0.5，0.25 and 0.125 times/d groups (P<0.05), but the difference in SOD activity was not significant (P>0.05). The CAT activity and GSH content in liver initially increased and then decreased with decreased feeding frequency. The CAT activity in the 0.5, 0.25 times/d groups were significantly higher than in the 0.125 times/d group (P<0.05), and the GSH content in the 1 time/d group was significantly higher than in the 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 times/d groups (P<0.05). The MDA content in liver increased gradually with decreased feeding frequency and the MDA content in the 0.5，0.25 and 0.125 times/d groups were significantly higher than that in the 2 and 1 times/d group (P<0.05). For the immune indices, the LZM activity in the liver gradually decreased with decreased feeding frequency and the difference between the 2 times/d group and the 0.125 times/d group was significant (P<0.05), while the liver IgM content initially increased and then decreased, and the 0.25 times/d group was significantly higher than the 2 and 0.125 times/d groups (P<0.05). Based on our results, the optimal feeding frequency of juvenile A. schrenckii is 1 time/d, which avoids oxidative damage caused by lower feeding frequencies and water quality deterioration caused by higher feeding frequencies. |
| 管 敏,张德志,张厚本.2021.投喂频率对史氏鲟幼鱼生长、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响[J].水生态学杂志,42(4):104-110. |
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