| 长江-涨渡湖水系沉积物微塑料分布与赋存特征 |
| Distribution and Occurrence of Microplastics in Sediments of the Zhangdu Lake System in the Yangtze River Basin |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-28 修订日期：2024-05-30 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202403280096 |
| 中文关键词:微塑料 表层沉积物 空间分布 长江-涨渡湖水系 |
| 英文关键词:microplastics surface sediments spatial distribution Zhangdu Lake water system in the Yangtze River Basin |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200304)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探究微塑料在涨渡湖水系的分布和赋存特征，可为湖泊沉积物微塑料老化及生物毒性风险提供数据基础。在阻隔湖泊涨渡湖、七湖、陶家大湖、邻近长江干支流和连通水道设置11个采样点，通过采集表层沉积物，分析了长江-涨渡湖水系沉积物微塑料丰度、尺寸、形状和种类组成。结果显示，长江-涨渡湖水系所有采样点沉积物中均有微塑料存在，其干物质中微塑料平均丰度为2 602.25 n/kg，其中涨渡湖的微塑料丰度最高，为5 687.69 n/kg。微塑料尺寸主要分布在[20,50 μm]，占微塑料总颗粒数的59.04%；尺寸大于100 μm时，微塑料丰度随尺寸的增大而减小；薄膜状微塑料最多，占微塑料总颗粒数的56.06%；微塑料种类主要为聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、氟橡胶和氯化聚乙烯。研究结果有助于科学评估湖泊微塑料赋存现状及提升水生态环境质量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we investigated the distribution and occurrence of microplastics in sediments of the Zhangdu Lake system, focusing on spatial distribution, size, shape and composition. The study aimed to provide basic data for evaluating the aging of microplastics in lake sediments and the risk of biological toxicity. In July 2022, a total of 11 sampling sites were established to collect surface sediments in the isolated lakes of Zhangdu Lake, Qihu Lake, Taojia Lake, the adjacent mainstream and tributaries of Yangtze River, and the connected waterways. The abundance, size, shape and species composition of microplastics in the sediments of the Zhangdu Lake water system were then analyzed. Simultaneously, the sources of microplastics and their potential ecological and toxicological risks were explored. Results show that: (1) microplastics were found in the sediments of all sampling sites, with an average abundance of 2 602.25 particles/kg of dry matter. The highest microplastic abundance in Zhangdu Lake was 5 687.69 particles/kg. The average microplastic abundance in the Zhangdu Lake water system was in the flowing order: isolated lakes (3 990.64 particles/kg) > connected waterways (2 532.22 particles/kg) > adjacent mainstream and tributaries (1 814.67 particles/kg). (2) Microplastics were divided into four size ranges (20-50 μm, 50-100 μm, 100-150 μm, 150-350 μm), and microplastics were primarily in the smallest size range that accounted for 59.04% of the total microplastic particles. For particles larger than 100 μm, the abundance decreased with increasing size. (3) The shape of the microplastics were primarily film-like, granular and fibrous, accounting for 56.06%, 37.30% and 6.64% of the total plastic particles, respectively. (4) A total of 26 types of microplastic were detected in the Zhangdu Lake water system, primarily consisting of polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), fluororubber (FPM), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polyurethane (PU) and acrylate copolymer (ACR) that accounted for 71.40% the total plastic particles. This research provides a reference for scientifically assessing the characteristics of microplastics in lakes and improving the quality of the water ecological environment. |
| 董 纯,刘宏高,杨 志,陈 威,周连凤,金 瑶.2024.长江-涨渡湖水系沉积物微塑料分布与赋存特征[J].水生态学杂志,45(5):170-177. |
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