| 基于食物网的河流生物完整性评价―以辽河干流为例 |
| An Index of Biological Integrity Based on Food Webs: A Case Study of the Main Stem of Liaohe River |
| 投稿时间：2021-12-19 修订日期：2022-02-11 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202112190416 |
| 中文关键词:生物完整性 食物网 生物保有指数 营养级 辽河干流 |
| 英文关键词:biology integrity food web biological retention index trophic level mainstream of the Liaohe River |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目（2012ZX07202-004-01）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1200100） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确辽河干流生物完整性时空动态变化及影响因素，本研究基于河流生物完整性内涵，从食物网复杂性和生物保有指数两个方面构建生物完整性评价体系，利用层次分析法确定各指标权重，利用综合指数法对辽河干流进行生物完整性评价。通过对比2012年与2015年评价结果发现，2015年辽河干流生物完整性总体评价为“差”，其中食物网复杂性总体评价为“良”，生物保有指数总体评价为“差”。与2012年相比，2015年辽河干流生物完整性有所好转但改善不显著，其中食物网复杂性有明显改善的点位共计13个点，占评价区域的76.47%；生物保有指数有所提升，但除福德店外均不显著。对比2012年与2015年营养链和物种丰度结果，2015年营养链与物种丰度明显高于2012年，说明辽河干流食物网络复杂度增加，生物完整性有所提高。结合辽河干流食物网变化情况，得出影响辽河干流生物完整性的主要因素为生物保有率降低导致高营养级物种缺失和营养链的断裂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we explored spatiotemporal changes and influencing factors of biological integrity in the main stem of Liaohe River and developed a food web based index of biological integrity (IBI). The aim was to provide data and technical support for enhancing the biological integrity of Liaohe River. Data on fish, vegetation, birds and benthic macroinvertebrates at 17 sampling sites along the main stem of Liaohe River were collected in 2012 and 2015 and used for to develop an IBI based on food web complexity and biological retention. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and a comprehensive indexing method were used to weight each metric included in the IBI and five gradations were defined (very Good,good, fair, poor, very poor). Results show that food web complexity in the mainstream of Liaohe River was good in 2015, but the biological retention index was bad, as was the comprehensive IBI. While the IBI in 2015 was higher than in 2012, the difference was not significant. Food web complexity at 13 sites (76.47% of the evaluation area) improved significantly, and the biological retention index improved at all sites, but improved significantly only at one site. Trophic levels and species richness in 2015 were also higher than in 2012, indicating an increase in food web complexity and biological integrity. Based on changes in the food web from 2012 to 2015, we concluded that the main factor affecting the IBI of mainstream Liaohe river was the decrease of biological retention that resulted in loss of high level trophic species and breaks in the trophic chain. |
| 王 迪,曲 波.2023.基于食物网的河流生物完整性评价―以辽河干流为例[J].水生态学杂志,44(5):41-47. |
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