| 重庆市梁滩河流域重金属健康风险评价及来源解析 |
| Health Risk Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Liangtan River Basin, Chongqing City |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-07 修订日期：2021-12-05 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202111070377 |
| 中文关键词:重金属；健康风险评价；空间分布；污染来源 梁滩河流域 |
| 英文关键词:heavy metal health risk assessment spatial distribution pollution source Liangtan River basin |
| 基金项目:重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目（KJQN202000714）;山东省地下水环境保护与修复工程技术研究中心（筹）开放基金项目（801KF-2021-10） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分析重庆主城区内梁滩河重金属污染状况，为当地水资源保护和治理提供科学依据。于2019年12月在流域内选取29个样点进行表层河水取样，测试河水中铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）6种重金属含量，并采用健康风险评价、远距离权重法、相关性和主成分分析方法对梁滩河流域河水重金属健康风险、空间分布和污染来源进行了研究。结果显示：（1）各重金属元素的平均含量为Fe（367.20 μg/L）Mn（160.79 μg/L）Zn（36.63 μg/L）Cr（8.14 μg/L）Cu（6.10 μg/L）Pb（0.66 μg/L），其中Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn均符合《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838-2002）Ⅲ类水质标准，Fe和Mn出现严重超标。（2）各重金属元素直接摄入或裸露皮肤吸收的危险商（HQing和HQder）和危险指数（HI）均1，说明梁滩河河水中的重金属元素未对人体健康产生危害。同时，各重金属元素HI值呈现出下游>上游的分布特征，即人类活动频繁的下游受重金属污染程度高，健康风险大。（3）相关性与主成分分析表明，Cu与Zn、Fe与Pb之间存在显著相关关系，Cr、Mn与其他重金属元素无相关。究其来源，第一主成分Cu与Zn同城镇工业生产和交通污染的输入有关；第二主成分Fe与Pb同天然地球化学过程、采矿和运输有关；第三主成分Mn来源于农业活动（包括耕植施肥、畜牧养殖）的输入。研究结果可为重庆主城区的水资源保护和治理提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to comprehensively understand the heavy metal pollution status of Liangtan River water in the main urban area of Chongqing, 29 surface water samples were selected from the whole basin of Liangtan River through field investigation in December 2019 to test the concentration of six kinds of heavy metals(Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Zn). The Health Risk Assessment, Inverse Distance Weighted, Correlation and Principal Component Analysis were used to study the health risk, spatial distribution and pollution sources of heavy metals in Liangtan River basin.The results showed that : (1) The average concentration of each heavy metal element was ranked as Fe ( 367.20 μg / L ) >Mn ( 160.79μg / L ) >Zn ( 36.63 μg / L ) >Cr ( 8.14 μg / L ) >Cu ( 6.10 μg / L )> Pb ( 0.66μg / L ), in which , Cr,Cu, Pb and Zn in all sampling points meeting the Class Ⅲ water quality standard of Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB3838-2002), Fe and Mn exceed the standard seriously.(2)The direct ingestion(HQing) ,dermal absorption( HQder) and hazard index (HI) of all heavy metal elements were < 1, indicating that heavy metal elements in liangtan River have no harm to human health.Meanwhile, HI values of all heavy metal element showed the distribution characteristics of downstream > upstream, in other words, the downstream with frequent human activities was more polluted by heavy metal than the upstream of Liangtan River.(3) There was a significant indigenous correlation between Cu and Zn, Fe and Pb, and Cr and Mn had no correlation with other heavy metals. The first principal components Cu and Zn mainly came from urban industrial production and traffic pollution; the second principal components Fe and Pb mainly came from natural geochemical processes ; the third principal component Mn mainly came from the input of agricultural activities ( including farming, fertilization, livestock farming ).It can be seen that human external sources are the main cause of heavy metal pollution in Liangtan River. |
| 何世季,赵瑞一,李芷汀,黄淑卿,赖小红.2023.重庆市梁滩河流域重金属健康风险评价及来源解析[J].水生态学杂志,44(4):115-123. |
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