| 洪湖自然保护区浮游生物空间分布及与水质关系 |
| Spatial Distribution of plankton and Their Relationship with Water Quality in Honghu Nature Reserve |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-08 修订日期：2021-08-26 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202106080180 |
| 中文关键词:洪湖 浮游生物 生物多样性指数 典范对应分析 |
| 英文关键词:Honghu Lake plankton biodiversity index canonical correspondence analysis |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究围垸养殖对洪湖自然保护区水质的影响，从浮游生物视角评价水质现状及发展规律，以期为洪湖自然保护区科学管理及水生态修复提供基础数据。2019年6月在洪湖自然保护区不同方位水面布设10个采样点，开展水质及浮游动植物现状调查和分析，计算生物多样性，并与环境因子做CCA分析。调查共检出浮游植物6门57属74种，以蓝藻门的微囊藻、硅藻门的颗粒直链硅藻、绿藻门的单角盘星藻为主要优势种；浮游动物61种，以萼花臂尾轮虫和广布中剑水蚤为主要优势种。浮游植物Shannon-Wiener生物多样性指数均值为2.26，浮游动物均值为2.12，水质为中度污染状态，但有重度污染的趋势。CCA分析表明，浮游植物分布与SD呈正相关，与WT、CODMn等呈负相关；部分轮虫及大部分原生动物与SD、As呈正相关，与WT、Chl-a等呈负相关。洪湖自然保护区水体处于中富营养型状态。围垸养殖会导致洪湖水质有机物沉积、水质恶化，并对浮游生物种类组成和数量产生重要影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Honghu National Nature Reserve maintains the safety of the lake wetland ecosystem, freshwater environment and species biodiversity. In this study, we investigated the water quality status and dynamics of Honghu National Nature Reserve from the aspects of plankton, aiming to explore the impact of enclosure aquaculture on the water quality and provide basic data for aquatic environment restoration and water quality management of the reserve. Plankton investigation was carried out at 10 sampling points of different locations in the Honghu Nature Reserve in June 2019, meanwhile, water samples were collected for the determination of water environmental parameters. The relationship between the plankton and water environmental parameters was analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Results show that a total of 74 phytoplankton species from 57 genera, 6 phyla were detected, with the dominant species of Melosira granulata and Fragilaria sp. from Bacillariophyta, Pediastrum simplex and Scenedesmus bijuga from Chlorophyta, Anabaena sp. and Microcystis sp. from Cyanophyta. A total of 61 zooplankton species from 4 taxa were detected，with the dominant species of Brachionus angularis, Brachionus calyciflorus, Kerafella sp., Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergiaum and Mesocyclops leuckarti. The average Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index of phytoplankton community was 2.26，and the average of zooplankton community was 2.12, indicating that the water quality was moderately polluted, andt the water quality presented a trend of severe pollution. Biodiversity of the 10 sampling sites was high and the species distribution was even.The results of CCA between plankton and environmental factors show that the distribution of phytoplankton was positively correlated with transparency and negatively correlated with water temperature and CODMn. The distribution of some rotifer species and most protozoa was positively correlated with transparency and As，and negatively correlated with water temperature and chlorophyll a (Chl-a). In a word, the water body of Honghu National Nature Reserve was in a medium eutrophication state. The enclosure aquaculture resulted in the deposition of organic matter and water quality deterioration, seriously affecting the species composition and quantity of the plankton community. It is important and urgent to remove the enclosure, eliminate the endogenous pollution by breeding fertilizer and fishermen domestic sewage. |
| 陈君,宋 芬,彭 祺,文威.2022.洪湖自然保护区浮游生物空间分布及与水质关系[J].水生态学杂志,43(1):63-70. |
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