| 基于生态需水优先的洪泽湖水量调控研究 |
| Water Regulation of Hongze Lake with Priority on Ecological Water Demand |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-16 修订日期：2020-09-23 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.05.005 |
| 中文关键词:生态需水 水量调控 洪泽湖 |
| 英文关键词:Ecological water demand Hongze Lake Water regulation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（No.2017YFC0404504） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 构建水量调控模拟模型，提出生态需水调控方案，为开展流域生态环境保护、水资源合理配置和生态调度提供技术支持。选取淮河流域洪泽湖为研究对象，以濒危鸟类、当地优势鸟类和水生植物为重点保护目标，选择目标型生态需水调控优化模型，评价指标为生态水位保证率、生态水位偏离差、出湖优化调控模型减供水量和调水优化调控模型增调水量。结果表明，通过调控上游入湖水系主要控制工程以改变洪泽湖过境水过程，可显著提升洪泽湖生态水位保障效果，在此基础上增加引调水量6.86亿m3/a可保障每年水位过程均满足生态水位过程要求，年保证率达100%，生态水位偏离差为0 m。相对于缩减农业供水，增加外调水量可以更好地保障湖泊水位按适宜生态水位运行，后续研究可在现有生态需水调控模型中增加防洪、供水、养殖、航运等目标，建立多目标优化模型。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Hongze Lake is the largest lake in the Huaihe River basin and an important water source that forms part of the eastern route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. The lake also plays an important role in controlling floods and droughts, regulating climate and conserving biodiversity in the Huaihe River basin. Analyzing the ecological water demand and developing systems to meet the ecological water demand of lakes is important for scientifically managing water resources, restoring aquatic ecosystems and protecting lake health. In this study, we constructed a inflow-outflow model to support water regulation in Hongze Lake and the model was used to optimize the regulation scheme for meeting ecological water demand. Protection of endangered bird speces, dominant native bird species and aquatic plants was given priority in constructing the model. Indicators of model optimization included ensuring an ecological water level, minimizing deviations from the ecological water level, increasing water inflow and decreasing water outflow. Results show that the ecological water level in Hongze Lake can be significantly improved and ensured by adjusting the operation of the upstream water control system. We recommend increasing the annual diversion of water to Hongze Lake by 6.86×108 m3 to meet and maintain the ecological water level at a rate of 100% with a deviation of 0 m. Water diversion is a more beneficial means of mainatining the ecological water level than decreasing the agricultural water supply. To summarize, the water inflow-outflow model for Hongze Lake included ecological water demand in the engineering system for regulating water flow into and out of the lake and provides technical support for conserving the environment, rationally allocating the water resource and ecologically regulating the Huaihe River basin. |
| 董国强,王振龙,刘猛,周佳敏,陈小凤,胡勇,董涛,王敏杰,司巧灵,汪亚腾.2020.基于生态需水优先的洪泽湖水量调控研究[J].水生态学杂志,41(5):39-48. |
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