| 绿洲农业对博湖小湖生态需水的影响研究 |
| Impact of Oasis Agriculture on the Ecological Water Requirement of the Small Lakes near Bosten Lake |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-24 修订日期：2020-09-24 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.05.004 |
| 中文关键词:MIKE-SHE模型 生态需水 水资源补给量 种植结构 博斯腾湖 |
| 英文关键词:MIKE-SHE model ecological water requirements water resource recharge planting structure Bosten Lake |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0404501)；自治区区域协同创新专项（2020E01010）；中亚中心项目（Y934031）；中国科学院交叉创新团队项目（JCTD-2019-20）；中国科学院A类先导项目（XDA20060303） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究博湖县绿洲农业灌区对腾湖小湖区域的补给水量，提出最优的绿洲农业种植结构。基于MIKE-SHE水文模型及水量平衡公式，以2017年为研究背景，量化不同种植结构情景下的地下水及地表水对博湖小湖补给量的变化情况，核算了区域年补给总量。结果表明：（1）模拟值与观测值的平均相关系数及纳什系数分别为0.89、0.79；（2）种植水稻地下水对博湖小湖补给量"10.628×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m，种植油菜地表水对博湖小湖补给量"538.023×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m3，均为最高；（3）地下水对博湖小湖的补给量与灌溉期、灌溉定额、作物种类有着强烈的相关关系，地表水对博湖小湖的年补给量远远大于地下水，且与总补给量高度相关，是博湖小湖总补给量的决定性因素；（4）油菜及小麦的年补给量分别为"544.939×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" 、"541.158×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m3，为小湖生态需水要求下区域最佳的种植作物。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Water is the key resource restricting the development of oasis agriculture. At the same time, oasis agricultural activities directly or indirectly affect the circulation of regional water resources, resulting in differences in their spatial and temporal distribution. The small lakes area is just west of Bosten Lake and the water sources are primarily the Kaidu River and groundwater recharge. Studying the ecological water demand of the small lakes area is important for balancing the need for ecological health with benefits of agricultural production. In this study, we simulated the changes in groundwater and surface water supply to the small lakes under different planting scenarios using 2017 as the reference. The MIKE-SHE hydrological model and water balance formula were used to calculate the total regional recharge to the small lakes area. The study aimed to explore the effects of agricultural activities on the water recharge of the small lakes area and provide theoretical support for decision making and coordinating the allocation of regional water resource. Results show that（1） the average correlation coefficient and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient between the stimulated values and measured values were 0.89 and 0.79, respectively. （2）Planting rice gave the highest underground water recharge to the small lakes, with a recharge volume of "10.628×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m, and planting canola gave the highest surface recharge, with a recharge volume of "538.023×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m3.（3）The underground water recharging of small lakes was strongly related to the irrigation period, irrigation quota and crop type. Annual recharge of the small lakes by surface water was significantly larger than by underground water and was key for recharging the small lakes.（4）The total annual recharge volumes (surface and underground) to the small lakes after planting rice and planting canola were, respectively, "544.939×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m3 and "541.158×" 〖"10" 〗^"6" m3. Therefore, rice and canola are the most suitable oasis crops for meeting the ecological water requirement of the small lakes. |
| 郭晨宇,刘铁,黄粤,牛雅萱,张勇,程勇,姜立新.2020.绿洲农业对博湖小湖生态需水的影响研究[J].水生态学杂志,41(5):31-38. |
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