| 宁夏人工河道典农河的健康状态评价 |
| Health Evaluation of Diannong River in Ningxia |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-03 修订日期：2020-04-21 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.02.003 |
| 中文关键词:典农河 人工河道 河流健康评价 指标体系 层次分析法 |
| 英文关键词:Diannong River artificial channel river health assessment health index system analytic hierarchy process |
| 基金项目:江苏水利科技项目（2017045）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0401502） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 鉴于典农河地处宁夏干旱半干旱地区、水资源匮乏且生态系统脆弱现状，维持河流健康对宁夏地区的发展有着重要的意义。特殊的地理位置和社会需求使得典农河社会属性更为强烈，在建立评价指标体系时应考虑人工化、河道生态、社会服务功能突出等实际特点。根据其人工河道的特点，将典农河分为5个河段，在全国重要河湖健康评估指标体系的基础上进行优化调整，从河流状况、生物状况以及社会经济服务状况三方面着手，选取13个指标，并利用层次分析法确定指标权重，建立了适合典农河的评价指标体系，对典农河进行健康评价。多指标分级综合评价结果显示，典农河最终总体评价赋分为46.63，处于亚健康水平。其中，河流状况子准则层附分为65.86分，属于健康水平，主要问题是生态流量满足程度低；生物状况子准则层赋分为48.66分，属于亚健康水平，主要问题是鱼类损失较多；社会经济状况子准则层赋分为32.72分，属于不健康水平，主要问题是水功能区水质达标率为0。研究表明，典农河现存的主要问题是防洪工程标准低、水污染以及生态环境遭到破坏等，提出了提高防洪能力、控制污染源、提升污水处理率以及构建健康水生态系统的保护对策和建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Diannong River is located in the arid and semi-arid regions of Ningxia, where water resources are scarce and ecosystems are fragile. Well-planned water conservancy projects provide irrigation and flood control, and support conservation of urban landscapes and local ecology. The Diannong River, because of its geographical position and social function, is a valuable resource for Ningxia and maintaining river health is crucial for continued development. In this study, we examined the health evaluation system for Diannong River and evaluated the health status, based on the evaluation system developed for this investigation. Recommendations are made for ecological restoration and treatments that would be useful for similar artificial river channels. The river health evaluation system is based on the health assessment system for nationally important rivers, modified to fit Diannong River specifics: a constructed channel, characteristic ecological features and prominent social service functions. Thirteen indicators were selected and weighting factors for each indicator were obtained using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The river health evaluation system includes five status grades based on the AHP score, and the health of Diannong River was assessed using this system. The Diannong River, with a score of 46.63, ranked as sub-healthy. The sub-system of river condition was healthy (score = 65.86). The primary cause of the river condition was low compliance with ecological flow. The sub-system of biological condition was in a sub-health status due to the high losses of fish, with the score of 48.66. The sub-system of social and economic conditions was unhealthy, with the score of 32.7, and the water quality below the standard for each water functional area was the primary problem. We found that the main problems existing in the Diannong River were low standards for flood control engineering, water pollution and damaged ecological environment. We suggested to improve the flood control capacity, control pollution sources, increase the sewage treatment rate, and build a healthy water ecosystem. |
| 张乐,徐慧.2020.宁夏人工河道典农河的健康状态评价[J].水生态学杂志,41(2):16-22. |
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