| 巢湖水体细菌群落结构及多样性研究 |
| Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Chaohu Lake |
| 投稿时间：2018-02-19 修订日期：2018-11-15 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2018.06.008 |
| 中文关键词:细菌 群落结构 多样性 巢湖 |
| 英文关键词:bacterial community structure diversity Chaohu Lake |
| 基金项目:安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目（KJ2016A534）；国家自然科学基金项目（41601573）；安徽省公益性技术应用研究联动计划项目（1704f0804053）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究巢湖水体细菌群落结构和多样性，为生态修复提供理论依据。在南淝河入湖口、兆河入湖口和裕溪河出湖口3个采样点采集水样，应用高通量测序技术对水体细菌的16S rRNA基因进行序列测定，应用Qiime软件调用UCLUST程序将所获得的优质序列在97%序列相似度下进行聚类，应用Mothur软件在OTUs列表中根据样品的物种丰度情况计算各样品的丰富度和多样性指数。结果表明：（1）巢湖水样具有很高的细菌多样性，不同空间区域的群落结构存在差异；在门水平上，主要细菌类群有放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、蓝细菌门（Cyanobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）；在属水平上，主要细菌类群有hgcI clade、微胞藻属（Microcystis）、CL500-29 marine group和unclassified OPB56；3个样点均存在大量未知的菌属。（2）裕溪河出湖口总氮、总磷和COD含量较高，球衣菌属（Sphaerotilus）丰度相对较高；南淝河入湖口大量出现拟浮丝藻属（Planktothricoides），说明此处污染仍然较严重；3个样点均检测出大量从毛单胞菌科无法鉴定到属的种类（unclassified Comamonadaceae），指示巢湖不同空间区域的水体均受到外源污染物输入的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years, the problem of eutrophication in Chaohu Lake has intensified and cyanobacteria blooms occur frequently, resulting in the deterioration of water quality. Research on the composition and diversity of the aquatic bacteria community is important for management and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the bacterial community structure and diversity in Chaohu Lake, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for ecological restoration. In August 2016, water samples were collected from sites near the inflows of Nanfei River (C1), Zhaohe River (C2) and Yuxi River (C3).Water temperature, pH and DO were measured in situ as water samples were collected and ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP and COD were determined in the lab. The 16S rRNA gene of the bacteria was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. The resulting sequences with less than 97% sequence similarity were clustered and the richness and diversity index of each sample was calculated according to the species abundance of the samples and expressed in operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using MOTHUR software. There were three general findings. (1) The Shannon indices of bacteria in samples from all three locations were above 7.5, with the highest value at Site C2 and the lowest at Site C1. Chaohu Lake has high bacterial diversity and community structure varies significantly with location. (2) At the phylum level, the dominant bacterial groups were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes. At the genus level, the dominant bacterial groups were the hgcI clade, genus Microcystis, CL500-29 marine group and unclassified OPB56. There were a large number of unclassified genera in the three sites. (3) Total nitrogen (1.06 mg/L), total phosphorus (0.083 mg/L) and COD (16.0 mg/L) at the mouth of Yuxi River were lower than at the entrance of Nanfei River (1.54 mg/L, 0.085 mg/L，17.3 mg/L), but higher than the entrance of Zhaohe River (1.04 mg/L, 0.029 mg/L，11.0 mg/L). The abundance of genus Sphaerotilus at the mouth of Yuxi River was relatively higher, and the large number of genus Planktothricoides in the Nanfei River bay indicates serious pollution. The large number of unclassified Comamonadaceae detected at all three sampling sites indicates that the water in these areas of Chaohu Lake are affected by input of exogenous pollutants. |
| 张磊,沈婷婷,高光,项芳芝.2018.巢湖水体细菌群落结构及多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,39(6):52-57. |
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