| 长江下游镇江和畅洲北汊江段鱼类群落多样性研究 |
| Fish Community Diversity in the Hechangzhou Section of the Lower Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2017-08-02 修订日期：2018-09-17 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2018.06.011 |
| 中文关键词:和畅洲 鱼类群落 生态类型 优势种 聚类分析 |
| 英文关键词:Hechangzhou section fish community ecological types dominant species cluster analysis |
| 基金项目:长江下游及河口区水生生物与渔业资源环境监测重点站项目(2016) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在和畅洲北汊开展鱼类资源调查评估，丰富鱼类资源本底资料，为长江中下游流域鱼类生物多样性保护及加强镇江长江豚类省级自然保护区就地保护工作提供科学依据。2015年2月至2016年1月，采用定置张网采集渔获物，每月监测2 d，每天放网24 h。结果显示，共采集鱼类48种，隶属7目13科38属，以鲤形目和鲈形目占优，分别占总种类数的74.47%和10.20%；鱼类生态类型以淡水定居性、杂食性、中下层占优；群落优势种为鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、似鳊(Pseudobrama simony)；渔获物规格以单尾均重50 g以下的鱼类占优；基于渔获尾数的多样性特征值为：丰富度指数(R) 5.67，Shannon-wiener指数(H’) 2.68，优势度指数(D) 0.12，均匀度指数(E) 0.30；聚类分析和非度量多维标度排序表明，调查江段鱼类群聚在不同时间段内存在差异，鱼类群落结构存在极显著差异，同时种间的分离程度高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Hechangzhou section of the Yangtze River includes the Zhenjiang provincial nature reserve for the finless porpoise and is an important spawning and feeding ground. In this study, we investigated and evaluated fish resources north of the Hechangzhou sandbar. The objectives were to add to the fish resource database for the area and gather information to better protect fish biodiversity in the middle/lower Yangtze River and conserve the Zhenjiang Provincial Nature Reserve for the finless porpoise. From February 2015 to January 2016, a monthly survey was conducted using stationary nets north of Zhenjiang Hechangzhou. A total of 48 fish species were collected, belonging to 38 genera, 13 families and 7 orders. The fish community was dominated by Cypriniformes (36 species) and Perciformes (5 species), accounting for 74.47% and 10.20% of the total species. In terms of ecological type, the fish community was dominated by freshwater sedentary species, omnivores and species preferring bottom water. Dominant species included Parabramis pekinensis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Pseudobrama simony and catches were dominated by fish weighing <50 g. Margalef richness (R), Shannon-Wiener diversity (H’), Dominant (D) and Pielou evenness (E) indices of the fish community were, respectively, 5.67, 2.68, 0.12 and 0.30 and biodiversity varied significantly during the study period. Cluster analysis and non-metric multi-dimensional ordination, based on species and quantity, indicated that the fish community varied significantly with season and that fish clustered in two groups: Group I, from February to May in 2015, and Group II from June of 2015 to January 2016. |
| 曹过,李佩杰,王媛,杨彦平,刘凯.2018.长江下游镇江和畅洲北汊江段鱼类群落多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,39(6):73-80. |
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