| 四氯乙烯和镉联合胁迫对草鱼SOD和POD活性影响 |
| Combined Effect of Perchloroethylene and Cd2+ on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) Activities in Grass Carp |
| 投稿时间：2017-03-28 修订日期：2018-01-20 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2018.01.015 |
| 中文关键词:四氯乙烯 镉 草鱼 超氧化物歧化酶 过氧化物酶 |
| 英文关键词:perchloroethylene (PCE) cadmium ion grass carp superoxide dismutase (SOD) peroxidase (POD) |
| 基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金(201602708)；2016年沈阳药科大学大学生创新项目。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了考察超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)是否可以作为四氯乙烯(PCE)和镉(Cd2+)联合污染生物指标，采用静水生物测试法，研究了PCE和Cd2+联合胁迫对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)的肝胰脏、肾脏和鳃组织的SOD和肝胰脏、肾脏的POD的影响。结果表明：（1）PCE和Cd2+复合污染胁迫时，草鱼肝胰脏SOD随着时间变化呈现“降低-升高-降低”的趋势，且最高浓度组始终低于对照；（2）肾脏SOD在所有暴露浓度组随着时间变化呈现“降低-升高-降低”变化趋势，除最低浓度组在120 h显著高于对照外，其他均显著低于对照；（3）鳃组织SOD也呈现“降低-升高-降低”的趋势，但始终低于对照；（4）高浓度组(1/4TU和1/2TU)草鱼肝胰脏和肾脏POD活性随着暴露时间变化呈“降低-升高-降低”变化趋势，但肝胰脏和肾脏的POD活性始终显著低于对照(P<0.05)；（5）草鱼鳃组织SOD活性明显低于肝胰脏和肾脏。PCE和Cd2+分别破坏了酶的蛋白结构和诱导了鱼体细胞膜的脂质过氧化，二者联合污染比单一污染加剧了草鱼的毒性效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Perchloroethylene (PCE) and cadmium ion (Cd2+) are widely used in agriculture and industry and are common pollutants in surface and ground waters. Literature reports indicate that PCE and Cd2+ sometimes coexist in water. In this study, we tested the effects of combined PCE and Cd2+ exposure on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in grass carp. Enzyme activity was measured in the hepatopancreas, kidney and gill tissues to assess the toxic effect of PCE and Cd2+ and the potential of using SOD and POD activities as bioindicators for PCE and Cd2+ exposure. The study provides toxicological data on the response of the antioxidant system and a reference for coexisting pollutants in the water environment. Grass carp of body length <5 cm and body weight (4.10±0.74 ) g were acclimated in an aerated aquarium for seven days. A static toxicity test was conducted under the following conditions: temperature, (17±1)℃; pH, 6.5-6.8; DO, 5.0 mg/L and hardness, 210.1 mg/L. Four PCE/Cd2+ treatments (1/2TU, 1/4TU, 1/8 TU, 1/16 TU, a TU equals to the concentration of LC50-96h ) and a control group were set with each treatment run in triplicate and 10 fish in each trial. The PCE/Cd2+ solution was changed every 24 hours, and one test fish from each trial (three per treatment) was removed after 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 h to determine SOD and POD activities in the hepatopancreas, kidney and gill tissues. Results show that: (1) Hepatopancreas SOD activity decreased, increased and then decreased over time with combined exposure to PCE and Cd2+. In the highest PCE/Cd2+ concentration group, SOD was always lower than in the control group. (2) Kidney SOD activity at all exposure levels displayed the same decrease-increase-decrease trend and the activities of exposed groups were significantly lower than in the control group, except for the lowest exposure group that displayed significantly higher SOD activity after 120 h. (3) Gill SOD activity showed the decrease-increase-decrease trend and exposed groups had lower activities than the control group. (4) POD activities in hepatopancreas and kidney tissues were significantly reduced by PCE/Cd2+ exposure and, in the high exposure groups (1/4 TU and 1/2 TU), POD activity displayed the decrease-increase-decrease trend. (5) SOD activity in gill tissue was significantly lower than in the hepatopancreas and kidney, due to differing physiological functions. PCE alters enzyme structure and Cd2+ induces lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. Combined exposure to PCE and Cd2+ has a synergistic effect on grass carp and is one of the leading causes of grass carp mortality. The combined effect of PCE and Cd2+ significantly alters SOD and POD activities in hepatopancreas, kidney and gill tissues of grass carp and SOD and POD activities could be used as bioindicators of PCE and Cd2+ pollution. |
| 石金铭,王雪琪,冯林,韩暖,吕依丹,王桂燕.2018.四氯乙烯和镉联合胁迫对草鱼SOD和POD活性影响[J].水生态学杂志,39(1):98-104. |
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