| 海南省文澜江底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物学评价 |
| Macrozoobenthos Community Structure and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Wenlan River, Hainan Province |
| 投稿时间：2016-07-22 修订日期：2016-11-28 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.06.005 |
| 中文关键词:文澜江 底栖动物 群落结构 水质生物学评价 |
| 英文关键词:Wenlan River macrozoobenthos community structure bioassessment of water quality |
| 基金项目:海南省自然科学基金（20154176）；国家自然科学基金（41273118；41473102） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解海南省临高县文澜江流域底栖动物群落结构特征，探索适宜的水质生物学评价方法，为文澜江流域环境监测、环境评价和科学管理提供数据参考。于2014年11月对文澜江流域17个点位底栖动物群落结构进行调查，并采用5种生物指数对水质现状进行了评价。结果表明，
文澜江流域共采集底栖动物56种，隶属4门、7纲、29科，其中水生昆虫占绝对优势，共38种，占总数的67.86%；底栖动物密度和生物量分别为376.11个/m2和200.79 g/m2；多足摇蚊属（Polypedilum sp.）、米虾属（Caridina sp.）和环棱螺属（Bellamya sp.）为优势种，优势度分别为0.16、0.04和0.03。采用Goodnight-Whitley修正指数（GBI）和生物指数（BI）对文澜江流域水质整体评价结果均为清洁；采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和生物学污染指数（BPI）的流域水质整体评估结果均为轻污染，3种水质生物指数评估结果基本相似，并与常规水质监测结果基本吻合。以水产养殖为主的水库出水口和流经临高县县城河道的水质处于中度污染程度，表明水产养殖废水、城市生活污水等对底栖动物的物种组成和群落结构造成了一定影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Wenlan River, located in Lingao County, Hainan Province, is an important drinking water source for local residents. In this study, we carried out the first investigation of community structure and biodiversity of macrozoobenthos in Wenlan River. Water quality in the Wenlan River was then evaluated based on the biological indices and compared with water quality monitoring results. The aim of the study was to explore biological methods for assessing water quality in Wenlan River and to provide reference data for environmental monitoring, assessment and management. In November 2014, macrozoobenthos sampling was carried out at 17 sampling sites (Site 1-Site 17) from the upper reaches on downstream, covering the entire Wenlan River basin. A total of 56 macrozoobenthos species were collected, belonging to 29 families, 7 classes and 4 phyla. Aquatic insects (38 species) dominated the macrozoobenthos community, followed by mollusks (8 species), crustaceans (5 species), oligochaetes (3 species) and other taxa (2 species), accounting, respectively, for 67.86%, 14.29%, 8.93%, 5.36% and 3.57% of the total macrozoobenthos species. The number of species collected varied greatly by site, with the highest species richness at Site 2 (19 species) and lowest at Site 17, the estuary of the Wenlan River (3 species). The average density and biomass of macrozoobenthos were 376.11ind/m2and 200.79 g/m2. Polypedilum sp., Caridina sp., and Bellamya sp. were the dominant taxa, with dominance values of 0.16, 0.04 and 0.03. Water quality assessment shows that the water is clean according to the Goodnight Whitley Modified Index (GBI) and Biotic Index (BI). The water is lightly polluted based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index and Biotic Pollution Index (BPI), consistent with monitoring results based on physicochemical parameters. This indicates that the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index and BPI are more suitable for biological assessment of water quality in the Wenlan River. In general, the water quality in the Wenlan River is good, but the aquaculture-based reservoir and urban river flowing through Lingao County were moderately contaminated and non-point source pollution by aquaculture wastewater and municipal sewage are the primary pollutant sources affecting the species composition and community structure of macrozoobenthos in the Wenlan River. |
| 刘贤,莫凌,陈峻峰,林彰文,邢 巧.2016.海南省文澜江底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物学评价[J].水生态学杂志,37(6):30-36. |
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