| 基于PSR模型的山东长岛海域海洋生物多样性研究 |
| Marine Biodiversity Evaluation in the Changdao Sea, Shandong Province |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-31 修订日期：2016-11-23 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.01.010 |
| 中文关键词:PSR模型 海洋生物多样性 生态评价 层次分析法 长岛县 |
| 英文关键词:PSR model marine biodiversity ecological assessment AHP Changdao County |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41206186）；浙江省环保厅科研项目（2012A033；2013A020；2016A012） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 海洋生物多样性是人类生存与可持续发展的重要基础，影响着现代社会生活的各个方面。为了准确评价海洋生物多样性状况，研究较长时间内社会经济发展对生物多样性的影响，收集和监测2003－2013年长岛县社会经济、生态环境和环境保护等数据，以压力-状态-响应(PSR)框架模型为研究方法，结合长岛县社会经济和生态环境特征，筛选出14项指标组成长岛县海洋生物多样性评价指标体系。综合分析相关国家及行业标准、统计年鉴和长岛县各相关指标历史监测数据确定各评价指标的基准值，运用层次分析法确定各指标的权重。根据建立的海洋生物多样性评价体系进行评价。结果表明，长岛县海洋生物多样性状况较好，MBDI最大值为2006年（0.766），最小值在2012年（0.600），评价等级均为良；生物多样性所受压力较小，生物物种较丰富，局部地区生物种类高度丰富，生态系统功能较为完善，受到干扰后一般可以恢复，生境质量一般适宜生物生存。分析其压力、状态和响应指标的变化，水质和保护生物组成的状态指标非常稳定，几乎没有变化；压力指标有一定程度的上下起伏，2008－2011年呈较明显的下降趋势。响应指标值2003－2013年基本稳定并略呈上升的趋势。从总体上看，长岛县海洋生物多样性状态优良，状态指标非常稳定，压力指标有一定程度的起伏。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Marine biodiversity is critical to human survival and development and is important to many aspects of human society. This study assessed the status of marine biodiversity in Changdao Sea, off-shore from Shandong Province, and analyzed the variation of biodiversity in Changdao County over a ten year period (2003-2013) to explore the impact of human activity on marine biodiversity. Based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model, we constructed a marine biodiversity assessment index system, consisting of 14 indicators grouped as a pressure subsystem, a state subsystem and a response subsystem. The 14 indicators were selected according to the monitoring results and data collected on the social economy, ecological environment, and environmental protection of Changdao County from 2003-2013. The social-economic data was from the Yantai City Statistical Yearbook and Changdao County statistical bulletin for national economic and social development. The marine water quality data were obtained from monitoring data collected by the Eco-environment Monitoring Station of Changdao County. The index weighting for each of 14 indicators was determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A five-level marine biodiversity ranking scale and the corresponding criteria were proposed, based on foreign and domestic research on ecosystem assessment standards and the marine biodiversity index (MBDI). The MBDI for Changdao County was calculated using the marine biodiversity assessment system and the marine biodiversity status was based on the MBDI score. The assessment results show that the marine biodiversity status of Changdao sea areas is good with a maximum MBDI value of 0.766 in 2006 and the minimum value of 0.60 in 2012, both in the good range. Biodiversity of Changdao sea areas is slightly stressed, but with high species richness. Ecosystem function is intact and could be able to recover from disturbance, if not severe, and good habitat quality benefits the Changdao Sea biota. Analysis of the indicators revealed the following trends: the state indicators, including sea water quality and protected species were stable; the pressure indicators fluctuated, declining significantly from 2008 to 2011; the response indicators were generally steady, rising slightly from 2003 to 2013. Overall, the marine biodiversity of Changdao County is in good condition, owing to a stable marine biological community and the positive social response to the eco-environment. |
| 黄备,孟伟杰,魏娜,刘攸.2017.基于PSR模型的山东长岛海域海洋生物多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,38(1):61-67. |
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