| 三氯生对红白鲫的急性毒性及遗传毒性研究 |
| Acute and Genetic Toxicity of Triclosan to Red-White Crucian Carp |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-12 修订日期：2016-08-01 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.05.012 |
| 中文关键词:三氯生 红白鲫 微核率 核异常率 急性毒性 遗传毒性 |
| 英文关键词:ttriclosan red-white Crucian carp micronucleus formation rate abnormal nucleus formation rate acute toxicity genetic toxicity |
| 基金项目:NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金（U1504303） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究三氯生对红白鲫的急性毒性和遗传毒性作用，为分析评价三氯生对鱼类的生态安全性提供相应的毒理学资料。试验在规格为58 cm×28 cm×36 cm的玻璃水族箱中进行，红白鲫体长6.8~7.5 cm。采用半静态染毒法，设置不同浓度梯度的三氯生染毒组以及空白对照组和二甲基亚砜溶剂对照组，分别进行为期96 h的急性毒性试验和14 d的遗传毒性试验，观察记录死亡数，统计血红细胞微核率和核异常率。三氯生对红白鲫的96 h LC50为1111.9 μg/L。TCS染毒处理14d后，红白鲫红细胞核异常的情况明显增多,主要是细胞质中有1~2个微核，其他常见核异常为红细胞核质外凸、核质内凹及核内空泡化;空白对照组和溶剂对照组之间核异常比率无显著差异（P >0.05），而三氯生暴露各浓度组(600.0 、690.0、793. 5 μg/L) 核异常比率均极显著高于对照组（P <0.01），且呈现明显的剂量-效应关系。研究表明，三氯生对红白鲫具有潜在的遗传毒性，且毒性效应在特定条件下随着暴露浓度的增加而增强。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Triclosan (TCS) is a common antibacterial agent widely used in personal care products, household cleaning products and medical supplies. As a result, it is now frequently detected in various environmental media, organisms and humans. Studies have showed that TCS is not readily biodegraded and produces a variety of toxic effects, including lethality, immunotoxicity, indirect carcinogenicity and genotoxicity after bioaccumulation. Vertebrate organ systems affected include the heart, liver, kidney, muscle, thyroid gland and thymus gland. Few studies have been carried out on the genotoxicity of TCS to fish. In this study, the acute and genetic toxicity of TCS to red-white crucian carp were determined to provide data for evaluating the effect of TCS on fish genetics and ecology. Red-white crucian carp with body length of 6.8-7.5 cm were acclimated for one week in a glass aquarium (58 cm×28 cm×36 cm). After acclimation, two trials were conducted under the following conditions: temperature, （18±3oC）; dissolved oxygen, ＞5.0mg/L; pH, 7.0±0.2. In the acute toxicity test, the carp were randomly assigned to six TCS concentration groups (600.0, 690.0, 793.5, 912.5, 1049.4 and 1206.8 μg/L), a blank control group and a DMSO (0.1%) solvent control group for a 96h semi-static exposure without feeding and abnormal activity, body color change and mortality were recorded. In the genotoxicity test, the carp were randomized into three TCS concentration groups (600.0 μg/L, 690.0 μg/L, 793. 5 μg/L) and two control groups for a 14d semi-static exposure with daily feeding and the micronucleus rate and abnormal nuclei rate of blood erythrocytes were recorded. During the two trials, all tests were run in triplicate with 10 fish in each group and the solutions were changed each 24 hours. Results show that the 96h median lethal concentration (96h LC50) of TCS was 1111.9μg/L and the safe concentration was 111.19 μg/L. After a 14 day exposure, abnormalities among blood erythrocytes nuclei increased significantly. Abnormalities of blood erythrocyte nuclei presented as small and large micronuclei, double micronuclei, unequally constricted nuclei, abnormally positioned nuclei, vacuolated nuclei, double nuclei, irregular nuclei, bulging nuclei, notched nuclei and fragmented nuclei. Among these, single and double micronuclei were the major abnormalities and bulging nuclei, notched nuclei and vacuolated nuclei were also commonly observed. There were no significant differences in the abnormal nuclei and micronucleus formation rates in the blank group and solvent control group (P>0.05), but abnormalities in the TCS treatment groups (600.0μg/L, 690.0μg/L, 793. 5μg/L) were significantly higher than in the two control groups (P<0.01). Triclosan induced the formation of abnormal nuclei in blood erythrocytes, which occurred at significantly higher rates and displayed the classic dose-effect relationship. Triclosan produces genotoxicity in red-white crucian carp and the effect increases with TCS concentration. |
| 刘飞,刘旭昊,王凡,蒋春春,种贺林,曹保红,张振华.2016.三氯生对红白鲫的急性毒性及遗传毒性研究[J].水生态学杂志,37(5):82-86. |
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