| 三峡水库淹没水深对消落带植物牛鞭草和狗牙根生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响 |
| Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Hemarthria altissima and Cynodon dactylon in Response to Water Depth in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir |
| 投稿时间：2015-07-19 修订日期：2016-06-27 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.03.007 |
| 中文关键词:三峡 原位实验 水深 水淹 抗氧化酶活性 |
| 英文关键词:Three Gorges Reservoir in situ experiment water depth submergence antioxidant enzyme activities |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题（2012BAC06B04）；国家水体污染控制与治理重大专项（2013ZX07104-004）；三峡后续工作科研项目（2013HXKY2-3） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探讨淹没水深对多年生草本植物狗牙根和牛鞭草生长、根系总蛋白及酶活性的影响，为三峡水库消落带人工植被恢复重建提供理论依据。2014年11月至次年5月，在重庆市开县渠口镇三峡水库消落带采用原位试验：塑料容器规格20 cm×30 cm×30 cm，生长良好的牛鞭草和狗牙根采自三峡水库消落带，带根移栽，淹没水深0、2、5、15 m，淹没时间30、60、180 d，在植物取样当天测定水环境指标，比较其高度、盖度、萌芽数及根系总蛋白和丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶活性，并分析根系总蛋白含量及抗氧化酶活性的相关性。与未淹没（0 m）植物相比，淹水处理导致牛鞭草和狗牙根植物高度、盖度、萌芽数、生物量、根系总蛋白和丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性下降，过氧化酶活性显著上升；随着水淹深度的增加，除根系过氧化物酶活性显著增加外，牛鞭草和狗牙根的高度、盖度、萌芽数及根系总蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性呈下降趋势；相关分析表明，根系丙二醛含量与超氧化物歧化酶显著正相关。水淹处理改变了根系总蛋白和抗氧化酶之间的相关性，淹没水深15 m组，根系超氧化物歧化酶与过氧化物酶、丙二醛含量与超氧化物歧化酶活性之间的相关系数最小。根系抗氧化酶活性的相关系数也有差异，狗牙根的相关系数较大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) is the most common and important feature of regulated rivers. The fluctuation zone in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) since impoundment reached 175m on October 26, 2010 is large, resulting in a WLFZ of up to 30m. The TGR operating cycle has also reversed the natural hydrologic rhythm, exposing land in summer (flood season) and submerging it in winter (dry season). Research has shown that the original vegetation in the WLFZ, especially trees and shrubs, did not survive because they could not tolerate winter submergence and summer drought and herbs have become the most abundant type of vegetation, with absolute dominance by perennial herbs such as Hemarthria altissima and Cynodon dactylon. It is important to examine the ecophysiological adaption of dominant species in the WLFZ during the submergence period to provide information for effectively restoring vegetation in the WLFZ. To investigate growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of dominant plants in the WLFZ of TGR, an in situ experiment using H. altissima and C. dactylon cultivation was carried out at four water depths (0, 2, 5 and 15 m) in Kai County, Chongqing City from December, 2014 to May, 2015. All plants were cultivated in plastic pots (20cm×30cm×30cm) hung from a floating platform and the height, cover, germination number, biomass, total protein, malondiadehyde (MDA), and the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the root system of H. altissima and C. dactylon were measured on days 30, 60 and 180. Water quality parameters were simultaneously measured, including turbidity, illumination, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH. Total protein was correlated with MDA and antioxidant enzyme activities. Results show that height, cover, sprout number, biomass, total protein, enzyme activity of SOD and the MDA content of submerged H. altissima and C. dactylon were all less than for unsubmerged plants, but POD activity in the root system increased. All differences, except for biomass and MDA content, were gradually significant with the submergence water depth. The positive correlation between MDA content and SOD activity was also significant. The correlation coefficients between SOD and POD and between MDA and SOD were lowest at the water depth of 15 m, so submergence may play a role in the relationship between total protein content and antioxidant enzyme activity. Correlation coefficients among enzymes of C. dactylon were higher than those of H. altissima. These results provide insight on the physiological adaptation of herbal plants to submergence and support efforts to restore vegetation in the WLFZ of reservoirs. |
| 张志永,程丽,李春辉,胡红青,万成炎.2016.三峡水库淹没水深对消落带植物牛鞭草和狗牙根生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].水生态学杂志,37(3):49-55. |
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