| 喀斯特地区典型城市河流多自然特性评价体系研究 |
| Evaluation System of the Multiple Natural Features of the Typical Urban Rivers in Karst Areas |
| 投稿时间：2015-04-10 修订日期：2015-04-10 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.04.004 |
| 中文关键词:喀斯特 多自然型 城市河流 评价体系 |
| 英文关键词:karst multiple natural type urban rivers evaluation system |
| 基金项目:贵州省水利科研课题（KT201101）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为治理喀斯特地区城市河流，以贵州为例，开展了喀斯特地区典型城市河流多自然特性评价体系研究。喀斯特地区河流生态环境更敏感、脆弱，河流治理中应更重视流域面的治理。提出基于上述特性的喀斯特地区典型多自然型城市河流治理综合指标评价法，评价体系共分为3个层次（河道内指标、岸线指标和流域面指标）5大类（物理学指标、动力学指标、生态学指标、岸线指标和流域面指标）19个指标；客观赋分指标11个，主观赋分指标8个；主观赋权评估法综合评估权系数，由专家根据经验进行主观判断而得到权系数，然后再对指标进行综合评估。案例研究评价河流选择喀斯特区域特征明显的贵阳市南明河花溪水库坝址 — 三江口河段（花溪河段）、三江口—水口寺河段（主城区河段），表观多自然特性较好的花溪河段多自然特性量化评价分值86.46分，明显高于表观多自然特性较差的主城区河段35.66分。首次提出的水功能区符合性、保水蓄水指数、岸线功能区复合性、主体功能区符合性、河流曲度指数等5个指标权系数排名均在前10位，评价指标体系可为同类地区开展河流多自然特性评价、拟定治理方案和制定行业标准提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Guizhou Province is located in the core area of the southwest karst region, the most extensive karst landscape in China, and it is characterized by complex karst features. The karst outcrop area is 110,000 km2, accounting for 62% of the provincial land area and is distributed throughout the province. The fragile karst environment and complex ecosystem make the ecological problems of the rivers in karst areas more sensitive and unique. However, study related to managing the multiple types of river flowing through karst areas is not currently adequate. To better understand and protect rivers in karst areas, we developed an evaluation system for urban rivers in karst areas according to the multiple natural features as well as characteristics of the river. The system includes 3 layers (river basin, river channel and bank line), 5 index categories (physical, hydrodynamic, ecological, bank line, and river basin) and 19 evaluation indices (11 objective and 8 subjective). Forty experts ranked the importance of each index from 1 to 5 in a questionnaire survey and the weight coefficient for each index was based on survey results. Then five ranks of the evaluation system were proposed according to the weight coefficients. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation system, the system was applied to Nanming River, with typical Karst features. Two reaches were compared: (1) the reach from Huaxi Reservoir Dam to Sanjiangkou and (2) the reach from Sanjiangkou to Shuikousi. Results from the quantitative evaluation assign a much higher score for the reach from the dam to Sanjiangkou, with its many apparent natural features, than for the reach from Sanjiangkou to Shuikousi, the more urban reach. The verification study confirmed the effectiveness, rationality and applicability of the evaluation system. The five evaluation indices include water function conformance, water storage, conformance of bank line zone function, degree of river curvature and conformance of the main functional area, had weight coefficients ranking in the top 10. This comprehensive and quantitative evaluation system gives more complete information than previous evaluation indices. Our study provides scientific reference for multiple natural features and will allow formulation of management plans for other rivers with similar geomorphic features. |
| 陈兴科,吴永贵,卢天文.2015.喀斯特地区典型城市河流多自然特性评价体系研究[J].水生态学杂志,36(4):25-33. |
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