| 干湿交替对海芋光合特性的影响 |
| Effect of Alternating Wet and Dry Conditions on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Alocasia macrorrhiza |
| 投稿时间：2014-04-09 修订日期：2014-06-25 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:海芋 光合作用 干湿交替 胁迫 |
| 英文关键词:Alocasia macrorrhiza photosynthesis alternating wet and dry conditions stress |
| 基金项目:重庆市教委资助项目（KJ131207）；重庆市自然科学基金计划项目(cstc2013jcyjA20024) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以海芋（Alocasia macrorrhiza）为试验材料，设置A为对照（淹没根部）、B为轻度胁迫（1/4淹水）、C为中度胁迫（1/2淹水）、D为重度胁迫（3/4淹水）、E为深度胁迫（全淹），研究短期干湿交替胁迫对其光合作用特性影响。结果表明，短期弱干旱胁迫时，植株叶片光合有效辐射（PAR）、气孔导度(Gs)、净光合速率（Pn）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）、蒸腾速率（Tr）等光合参数变化不大，趋于同一水平；但淹水胁迫对植株光合作用影响很大，尤其是不同淹水梯度植株间差异显著；短期适宜淹水梯度（淹没根部、1/4淹水、1/2淹水）促进了植株光合作用，尤其是处理B（1/4淹水）在2次复水时其PAR、Gs、Pn、Tr均显著上升（P<0.05）；而高水位胁迫（3/4淹水和全淹）则抑制植株光合作用。利用海芋构建人工湿地系统时，可以通过人为措施使海芋处于适宜水位以利其生长，从而提高对废水的净化效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The physiological response of wetland plants to different degrees of water availability reflects their adaptability and influences the ability of a wetland system to purify water. This study of the photosynthetic response to alternating wet and dry conditions provides information that will support the construction and restoration of wetland systems. Research has shown that Alocasia macrorrhiza contributes to water purification, an important benefit provided by wetlands. The effects of short term variation between wet and dry conditions on the photosynthetic characteristics of Alocasia macrorrhiza were investigated and the results provide a theoretical basis for constructed wetlands designed to operate effectively during both wet and dry seasons. Five treatments were used to study the effect of various degrees of plant submersion: A (control, root submerged), B (1/4 submerged), C (1/2 submerged), D (3/4 submerged) and E (fully submerged). One pot, containing a pair of Alocasia macrorrhiza plants (50cm±3cm) was subjected to each treatment in a water tank (2.0 m×0.5 m×0.7 m). Dry-wet alternation was carried out twice and conditions were altered after a period of seven days. After each seven-day period, one plant from each pot was selected randomly and photosynthetic parameters were measured using a LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis analyzer. Results show that under low (short term) drought stress, the photosynthetic parameters (photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), stomatal conductance (Gs), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr)) displayed little change. However, submergence stress did affect photosynthesis and the differences among submergence levels were significant. Results also revealed that short term suitable submergence (root, 1/4 and 1/2 submerged) enhanced photosynthesis. In particular, PAR, Gs, Pn and Tr of Group B (1/4 submerged) increased significantly (P<0.05) after both the first and the second rehydration. However, 3/4 and full submergence suppressed photosynthesis in Alocasia macrorrhiza. In conclusion, alternating wet and dry conditions with different degrees of submergence had significant effects on photosynthetic parameters. At low water levels (Groups A, B, C), PAR, Gs, Pn and Tr increased and Ci decreased. In contrast, PAR, Gs, Pn and Tr decreased at higher water levels (Groups D, E) while Ci increased. Alocasia macrorrhiza is sensitive to water level and, to achieve effective wastewater purification in constructed wetlands, the species should be cultivated at suitable water levels.
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| 朱启红,李鹏辉,李爽,韩丽霞,夏红霞,李强.2014.干湿交替对海芋光合特性的影响[J].水生态学杂志,35(6):88-92. |
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