| 微生态制剂对匙吻鲟生长性能、体组成及血清生化指标的影响 |
| Effect of Probiotics on Growth Rate, Body Composition and the Serum Chemistry of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula |
| 投稿时间：2014-03-21 修订日期：2014-04-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:微生态制剂 匙吻鲟 生长性能 体成分 血清生化指标 |
| 英文关键词:probiotics polyodon spathula growth performance body composition serum biochemical parameters |
| 基金项目:西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站建设项目，陕西省科技厅科技型中小企业技术创新项目（No:2006K01-G-2） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 试验匙吻鲟幼鱼400尾，均经过膨化饲料驯食，并完全适应网箱的养殖环境。试验分处理组和对照组，匙吻鲟幼鱼各200尾，对照组体重（56.28±15.43）g，处理组体重（55.77±16.82）g。处理组在基础日粮中拌和微生态制剂A（7.47×107cfu/g）和B（2.23×108 cfu/g）各5mL/kg，试验时间80d，评估微生态制剂对匙吻鲟生长性能、体组成及血清生化指标的影响。结果表明：处理组匙吻鲟的末重[（296.89±86.17）g]显著高于对照组[（275.03 ±85.14）g]（P<0.05），躯干长[（24.55±2.22）cm]和全长[（47.35±3.54）cm]极显著高于对照组[（23.55±2.33）cm，(46.16±3.87)cm]（P<0.01），饲料系数（2.02）低于对照组（2.11），相对增重率和特定生长率较对照组分别提高了11.24%和5.56%；脏体比、肝体比、肠长比等生物学性状和肌肉及肝脏的体组成与对照组均无显著差异（P>0.05）；处理组血清谷丙转氨酶[（200.14±35.85）U/mL]和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶 [（0.76±0.36）U/mL] 活性显著低于对照组[（253.80±23.72）U/mL，（1.33±0.32）U/mL]（P<0.05）, 谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的活性或含量与对照组均无显著差异（P>0.05）。 研究表明，饲料中添加微生态制剂能够提高匙吻鲟的生长性能和饲料利用率，改善其健康状况。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Previous studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with probiotics in aquaculture helps increase the feed conversion ratio, improves growth rate and body composition, enhances the immune ability and health of fish. Polyodon spathula, is an ancient fresh water fish, introduced to China in 1988 and characterized by fast growth and adaptability. Until now, reports on Polyodon spathula were primarily about biology, reproduction and culturing technology, digestive enzyme research and evaluation of meat quality. The present study attempts to understand the effect of probiotics on growth rate, body composition and serum chemistry of Polyodon spathula. A total of 400 paddlefishes were randomly allotted to two groups and reared in two net cages (6m×6m×3m). The control group was fed a basal diet consisting of 47.8% crude protein, 9.7% moisture, 3.6% crude lipid and 10.6% crude ash and the treatment group was fed the basal diet supplemented with Probiotics A, containing Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Photosynthetic bacteria, Cusuanjun, Bacillus natto and Actinobacteria (7.47×107cfu/g, 5mL/kg) and Probiotics B containing ulfolobus acidocaldarius, Streptococcus faecium and Photosynthetic bacteria (2.23×108 cfu/g, 5mL/kg). The experiment lasted 80 days, from Aug. 1 to Oct. 20 of 2012. During the feeding trial, 50 paddlefishes were randomly selected and the weight, body length and full length were recorded every 20 days. The data of final weight, relative weight of visceral mass and hepatopancrease, intestine length, body length, full length and number of paddlefishes were recorded after the fish had gone without feeding for
24h. The body composition of muscle and liver and the serum biochemical parameters of Polyodon spathula were determined at the end of the feeding trial. Results indicate a significant difference in final weight （treatment, 296.89±86.17g; control, 275.03 ±85.14 g）（P<0.05) and a highly significant difference (P<0.01) in the both body length（treatment, 24.55±2.22cm; control, 23.55±2.33 cm) and full length (treatment, 47.35±3.54 cm; control, 46.16±3.87 cm). The feed
coefficient of the treatment group (2.02) was lower than that of the control group (2.11) and the relative rate of weight gain and the specific growth rate of the treatment group were, respectively, 11.24% and 5.56% higher than the control group. The viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, the ratio of intestine length to body length and the crude protein content, crude fat content, crude ash content and moisture contents of the muscle and liver were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Measurement of serum biochemical parameters for Polyodon spathula reveal significantly lower levels (P<0.05) of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), (treatment, 200.14±35.85U/mL; control, 253.80±23.72 U/mL) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GGT), (Treatment, 0.76±0.36 U/mL; control, 1.33±0.32 U/mL). Serum levels of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), total protein (TP), albumin(ALB), globulin (GLB), ALB/GLB，glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) were not significantly different between groups. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation with probiotics increases growth rate, enhances feed utilization and improves the health of polyodon spathula. The results of this investigation provide data to extend probiotics theory and provide practical scientific knowledge to enhance culturing of Polyodon spathula.
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| 方程,马明洋,吉红,单世涛.2014.微生态制剂对匙吻鲟生长性能、体组成及血清生化指标的影响[J].水生态学杂志,35(6):99-105. |
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