| 拉萨市茶巴朗湿地的外来鱼类 |
| Exotic Fishes in Chabalang Wetland of Lhasa |
| 投稿时间：2013-09-14 修订日期：2014-01-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:茶巴朗湿地 鱼类资源 外来鱼类 |
| 英文关键词:Chabalang Wetland fish resources exotic fishesChabalang wetland Fish resources Exotic fishes Conservation |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项201203086 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 茶巴朗湿地是拉萨河中下游地区的重要湿地之一。近年来，由于人类活动的影响，大量外来鱼类进入湿地，湿地的鱼类群落格局发生了较大变化。本研究分别于2009年4月和2013年4月对茶巴朗湿地的鱼类资源进行了调查。结果表明：2009年，茶巴朗湿地鱼类群落格局以外来鱼类为主、残存有部分土著鱼类，2013年外来鱼类完全占领了该湿地，土著鱼类基本消失。目前，茶巴朗湿地的鱼类主要为外来种麦穗鱼（Pseudorasbora parva）、小黄黝鱼（Micropercops swinhonis）、鲫（Carassius auratus）、泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）、大鳞副泥鳅（Paramisgurnus dabryanus）以及棒花鱼（Abbottina rivularis）；土著鱼类仅极少量残存的高原鳅和裂腹鱼类。外来鱼类已在茶巴朗湿地建立了自然种群，这对与湿地相通的拉萨河流域的土著鱼类资源构成了较大威胁。防止茶巴朗东部鱼池养殖鱼类的逃逸、提高藏民对外来鱼类的识别能力及其危害的认知、清除外来鱼类、重新引入土著鱼类等措施对于茶巴朗湿地鱼类及生态系统恢复将有重要意义。
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| 英文摘要: |
| The fish community structure of Chabalang Wetland, one of the most important wetlands in the middle and lower reaches of Lhasa River, has undergone significant changes due to the impact of the human activities and the invasion of plenty of exotic fishes. The investigations were made on the fish resources of Chabalang Wetland in Apr. 2009 and Apr. 2013. The results showed that fishes in Chabalang Wetland of 2009 were mainly exotic fishes, a minority of the native fish species remained. However, in 2013 the native fishes almost disappeared with very few of Triplophysa and schizothoracine, exotic fishes completely occupied the habitat with the dominance of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel), Micropercops swinhonis (Gunther), Carassius auratus (Linnaeus), Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor), Paramisgurnus dabryanus (Sauvage) and Abbottina rivularis (Basilewsky), which has successfully established natural populations in Chabalang Wetland, threatening the native fish resources in Lhasa River basin. Therefore, protection measures, like preventing the escape of cultured fishes from ponds in the east of Chabalang Wetland, enhancing identification abilities of local people on non-native fish, removal of exotic fishes and reintroducing native fishes, are very important to the restoration of fish resources and ecosystem of Chabalang Wetland.
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| 丁慧萍,覃剑晖,林少卿,格桑达娃,张志明,谢从新.2014.拉萨市茶巴朗湿地的外来鱼类[J].水生态学杂志,35(2):49-55. |
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