| 南四湖表层沉积物重金属的空间分布、来源及污染评价 |
| Spatial Distribution, Sources and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of Nansihu Lake |
| 投稿时间：2013-09-09 修订日期：2013-11-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:沉积物 重金属元素 空间分布 污染评价 南四湖 |
| 英文关键词:Sediments Heavy metal Spatial distribution Pollution assessment Nansihu Lake |
| 基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑计划水利项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究南四湖表层沉积物中重金属含量、分布与污染特征，采集了29个表层沉积物站点并测定了8种重金属含量。采用主成分、相关分析、聚类分析法分析了重金属来源，同时运用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法综合评价了南四湖沉积物中重金属的污染现状和潜在生态风险。结果表明，（1）南四湖表层沉积物中，As、Hg、Pb、Cr、Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni的平均含量分别为14.41、0.048、25.69、71.10、0.22、30.14、87.55、35.33mg/kg，其中As、Hg、Pb、Cd均超过环境背景值，在空间上表现出上级湖高，下级湖低的分布特征；（2）相关性分析、主成分以及聚类分析显示，Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni具有同源性，为自然源元素；As和Cr具有同源性，为人为源元素；Hg元素主要来源与其他几种重金属不同，受自然地质背景与人类活动的双重影响。③地累积指数法评价结果表明,南四湖沉积物重金属元素的污染程度：Hg＞Cd＞As＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn＞Ni＞Cu，Hg、Cd、As、Pb已处于无污染-中度污染程度，而其它元素无污染。④潜在生态指数法研究结果表明，南四湖表层沉积物单项重金属生态风险程度顺序为：Hg＞Cd＞As＞Pb＞Ni＞Cu＞Zn＞Cr，Hg、Cd具有较高的生态风险等级，为主要的生态风险贡献因子，其它7种重金属元素均为低生态风险等级。综合分析可见，Hg、Cd、As、Pb为南四湖表层沉积物主要重金属污染元素,各湖区沉积物污染程度由高至低依次为：南阳湖＞独山湖＞微山湖＞昭阳湖。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the concentrations，the distribution and the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of different areas in Nansihu Lake，29 sampling sites of surface sediments were collected and the concentration of 8 heavy metals were analyzed. The sources of heavy metals were discussed combining with the methods of principal component analysis，correlation analysis，and cluster analysis. Meanwhile the pollution status and the potential component risk of these eight heavy metals were evaluated by the geoaccumulation index(Igeo)and Hakanson potential ecological risk index(RI ).The results are shown as follows:(1)The average contents of As，Hg，Pb，Cr, Cd，Cu，Zn and Ni were 14.41，0. 048，25. 69，71.10，0. 22，30. 14，87. 55 and35.33 mg/kg，respectively. And the contents of As，Hg，Pb and Cd were significantly higher than those in environmental background values. The heavy metals distribution of surface sediment indicated a higher degree of pollution in the higher lakes than in the lower lakes. ( 2)The results of principal component analysis，correlations analysis and cluster analysis showed that Pb，Cr, Cu，Zn and Ni were natural source elements with homology while As and Cr were human source elements with homology. However, affected by natural geological background and the dual impact of human activities，the main source of Hg was different from the other seven heavy metals.(3)Based on the assessment result of geoaccumulation index，the pollution degree of heavy metals decreased in the order of Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cr>Zn>Ni>Cu，And the pollution levels of Hg，Cd，As and Pb were from non-pollution to middle-level pollution，but other elements were non-pollution.(4)The result of potential ecological risk index showed that the ecological risk degree of eight heavy metals were as follow:Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Ni>Cu>Zn>Cr. Hg and Cd，which were the main contributed factors of ecological risks，had higher level ecological risk，while other 7 heavy metals had low level ecological risk. From the comprehensive analysis，it was clear that Hg，Cd，As，and Pb were the main metal causing pollution in surface sediments of Nansihu Lake，and the pollution levels rank(form high to low ) of different water area was Nanyanghu Lake>Dushanhu Lake>Weishanhu Lake>ZhaoyanghuLake. |
| 刘良,张祖陆.2013.南四湖表层沉积物重金属的空间分布、来源及污染评价[J].水生态学杂志,34(6):7-15. |
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