| 小浪底水库调水调沙对黄河中游鱼类及生态敏感区的影 |
| Impact of Water and Sand Diversion in Xiaolangdi Reservoir on Fish and Ecologically Sensitive Areas in the Middle Yellow River |
| 投稿时间：2012-09-17 修订日期：2012-10-31 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:小浪底水库 调水调沙 鱼类 生态影响 |
| 英文关键词:Xiaolangdi Reservoir water and sand diversion fish ecological impact |
| 基金项目:黄河小浪底水库调水调沙对黄河渔业生态损害补偿措施研究项目(农业部渔业局渔业生态环境保护专题研究项目);山西省渔业资源养护项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2002-2011年黄河水利委员会连续进行了11次调水调沙活动以解决黄河泥沙严重淤积的问题。2011年6～8月,在黄河小浪底水库第11次调水调沙期间,通过在黄河中游(万家寨水库至三门峡大坝河段)设置鱼类采样和生态敏感区监测断面,对渔获物组成及生态敏感区变化进行了分析、监测和评价。结果表明,小浪底水库调水调沙导致黄河中游鱼类平均资源量损失均在50%以上,种群多样性指数大幅降低,主要经济鱼类鲤、鲫、鲶占渔获物重量由调水调沙前的87.75%下降到调水调沙后的81.79%,黄河南营段、圣天湖外滩"三场"功能基本丧失,对渔业生产造成巨大损失,对黄河中游渔业生态敏感区和鱼类种群影响显著,并针对影响提出了相应的补偿措施,为黄河中游水生生物养护提供保障。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is a very serious problem of the sediment deposition in Yellow River. Since 2002，water and sand diversion in Yellow River were conducted by the Yellow River Conservancy Commission for eleven times. During the eleventh time of water and sand diversion in Xiaolangdi Reservoir from June to August 2011，fish sampling and ecologically sensitive area monitoring were performed in the middle Yellow River(from Wanjiazhai Reservoir to Sanmenxia Dam ) to analyze changes of catch composition and ecologically sensitive areas. Results obtained here showed that after water and sand diversion in Xiaolangdi Reservoir a more than 50% decrease in fish resources presented. Moreover，fish population diversities declined sharply. And the proportion of main economic fish，such as common carp，crucian carp and catfish，decreased from 87.75% to 81.79 %.“Three filed" functions of Huanghena camp period and Shengtianhu were almost lost，which had significant effect on ecologically sensitive areas and fish population in the middle Yellow River. Based on these results，reasonable and scientific compensation measures have been put forward to provide security for the maintenance of aquatic biological in middle Yellow River. |
| 朱国清,赵瑞亮,候晓蕾,胡振平.2012.小浪底水库调水调沙对黄河中游鱼类及生态敏感区的影[J].水生态学杂志,33(5):7-12. |
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