| 汕头南澳白沙湾浮游植物群落结构及水体营养盐分布特征 |
| The Phytoplankton Community and Distribution of Nutrients in Baisha Bay，Nanao，Shantou |
| 投稿时间：2011-11-30 修订日期：2011-11-30 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:白沙湾 浮游植物 营养盐 |
| 英文关键词:Baisha Bay phytoplankton nutrient |
| 基金项目: 科技部科技支撑课题(2012BAC07B05) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2010年5月(夏季)和9月(秋季)分别对南澳白沙湾鱼类养殖区、贝藻混养区、龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneifor-mis)栽培区和对照区的水体浮游植物及营养盐进行了调查。结果表明,浮游植物共5门、71属、152种;其中,硅藻门97种,甲藻门34种,绿藻门9种,蓝藻门2种;硅藻是该海域浮游植物群落优势类群。浮游植物密度在时间上表现为秋季高于夏季,夏季和秋季最高值分别为57.05×104个/L和808.70×104个/L,均值为11.44×104个/L和119.22×104个/L。浮游植物密度在空间分布规律为非养殖区大于养殖区、湾外高于湾内;最高值均出现在对照区表层,最低值出现在贝藻混养区微表层。按水层分布为:表层>底层>微表层,按功能区分布为:对照区>鱼类养殖区>龙须菜栽培区>贝藻混养区。浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度表现出较好的一致性。微表层对浮游植物、总氮、总磷的富集系数,夏季分别为0.85、1.68、1.87,秋季为0.48、1.74、1.51;表明微表层对浮游植物无富集作用,对总氮、总磷有明显的富集作用。按照浮游植物群落结构指数评价,贝藻混养区为贫营养,其他各功能区均为中营养。夏季水质好于秋季,龙须菜栽培对养殖水体起到了很好的生态修复作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The comprehensive investigation of the phytoplankton and nutrient distribution in Baisha Bay，Nan an，Shantou，was carried out in May(summer) and September(autumn ) 2010. 152 species，representing 71 genera and 5 phyla， were identified in the survey. Ninety seven species of diatoms，34 dinoflagellates，9 chlorophytes，and 2 cyanobacterias were recorded. The average phytoplankton densities were 11 .44 x 104 cells/L in summer, and 119. 22 x 104 cells/L in autumn. The highest densities reached 57.05 x 104 cells/L in Summer, and 808. 70 x 104 cells/L in autumn，significantly higher than in summer. The highest densities were recorded in the surface layer in the control areas，and the lowest in the microlayer in the shellfish-seaweed mixed culture areas. The highest densities of phytoplankton were recorded in control areas，followed by the fish culture areas and the Gracilaria Lemaneiformis culture areas. The lowest was in the shellfish一seaweed mixed culture areas. Phytoplankton densities decreased gradually from the outer to the inner bay. The diversity index and the evenness of phytoplankton indicated a more stable phytoplankton structure in the control areas. The average enrichment factors of phytoplankton(PEF)，total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)，in summer were 0. 85 PEF，1.68 TN and 1.87TP，and in autumn 0. 48 PEF，1.74 TN and 1.51 TP. This showed that surface microlayer enrichment affects the TN and TP，but not the phytoplankton. According to the phytoplankton community indices，the sea water quality in the shellfish-seaweed mixed culture areas is poor in nutrients and in other areas are at the middle nutrition leve1. The water quality in summer was better than in autumn，which showed that cultivation of G. Lemaneiformis has an important bioremediation effect in mariculture areas. |
| 张俊梅,刘 擎,王庆,杨宇峰.2012.汕头南澳白沙湾浮游植物群落结构及水体营养盐分布特征[J].水生态学杂志,33(2):61-68. |
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