| 贡湖水源地水体营养状态评价及富营养化防治对策 |
| Nutrition Status on Evaluation and Eutrophication Control Measures on Water Source Area of Gonghu Lake |
| 投稿时间：2010-09-20 修订日期：2011-01-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:贡湖 富营养化评价 综合营养指数 生态修复 |
| 英文关键词:Gong Hu Eutrophia evaluation Integrated Nutrition Index Ecological restoration |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大项目（２００８ＺＸ０７１０１ ０１２）， 上海市科委重点科技攻关项目（０９３９１９１２０００），上海市科委应用基础研究项目（０９ＤＺ１２００９０３），上海市水生生物学重点学科资助项目（Ｓ３０７０１），上海海洋大学博士启动基金项目（Ｂ ８２０１ ０８ ０２８５） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 于2008-2009年对太湖贡湖水源地金墅港、田鸡港、龙塘港等3条主要河道的水质及大型水生植物进行了季节性野外调查,并对该区3月和6月的浮游植物进行调查。水质调查结果表明,贡湖水源地河流水体富营养化风险较大,主要污染指标为总氮和总磷,全年TN平均浓度为3.094mg/L,TP平均浓度为0.112mg/L。以叶绿素a、总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数和透明度为主,并结合浮游植物指标,利用综合营养状态指数法对不同季节水质营养状况进行评价,春季(3月)和夏季(6月)水源地均处于富营养化状态,其中春季达到中度富营养化[LTI(Σ)=64.113],秋冬季节水源地水质为中营养[LTI(Σ)=53.526]。浮游植物调查结果显示,6月浮游植物总密度显著高于3月,6月和3月分别为306.1×104和165.9×104个/L,以蓝藻门、绿藻门和硅藻门为主。大型水生植物调查结果显示,3月和12月水生植物种类和生物量均较少,几乎没有大型水生植物,仅春季龙塘港有少量芦苇出现;6月水生植物增多,3条河道凤眼莲和芦苇均有较高生物量,金墅港的菊花草最多,其盖度达到90%,其次有紫萍、金鱼藻和穗状狐尾藻等,龙塘港和田鸡港苦草和漂浮植物（如紫萍和槐叶萍等）生物量较大；9月3条河道的菊花草、金鱼藻、紫萍、凤眼莲和芦苇都有较高的生物量，而苦草生物量下降。结合调查结果和水源地实际情况，提出了水生动物控藻技术，水生植物水质净化与抑藻技术以及集成修复技术等防治水环境恶化的生态修复对策。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using field survey methods，conducted an annual survey of water quality and macrophytes in Jinshu Harbor, Tianji Harbor and Longtang Harbor in water sources area of Gonghu Lake，in Taihu Lake in 2008-2009. In March and June，the phytoplankton samples were collected. The results showed that Gonghu Lake water resource areas had a greater risk of being eutrophic. The major pollution indicators were TN and TP. The annual average concentration of TN was 3. 094 mg/L，TP was 0. 112 mg/L. The water Quality and nutriture were evaluated by Integrated Nutrition Index Method，which use the Chl a，TN，TP，CODMn，and SD as the main water quality indicators and the phytoplankton data as bio-indicators. In March and June，the water quality was in a eutrophic state，which in March reached moderate eutrophication[LTI(∑)=64.113〕，and it was in moderate nutrition[LTI(∑)=53.526〕in autumn and winter. The total density phytoplankton in June of phytoplankton was significantly higher than that in March，which were 306. 1 x 104 ind/L and 165.9 x 104 ind/L, respectively. The mainly species were Cyanophyta，Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta. Large aquatic plants in spring were only Phragmites communis. There were no Large aquatic plants in winter. Species were increased in summer; there were many Echhornia crrassipes and Phragmites communis in three rivers. Cubomba caroliniana was the main specie in Jinsha Harbor，which covered 90% of the river. There were also many Spirodela polyrhiza，Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum in Jinshu Harbor. In Longtang Harbor and Tianji Harbor，there were Vallisaeria spiralis and floating plant(such as Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans). In autumn，Cabomba caroliniana，Ceratophyllum demersum，Spirodela polyrhiza，Echhornia crassipes and Phragmites communis had big biomass，but biomass of Vallisneria spiralis decreased. According to these results，some ecological restoration measures were proposed to prevent the water from deteriorating. |
| 王阳阳,霍元子,曲宪成,马家海,姚垚,丁士明,何培民.2011.贡湖水源地水体营养状态评价及富营养化防治对策[J].水生态学杂志,32(2):75-81. |
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