| 乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价 |
| Macroinvertebrate community structure and the biological assessment to the water quality of Wujiang river |
| 投稿时间：2010-06-27 修订日期：2010-10-31 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:大型底栖动物 群落结构 水质生物评价 乌江流域 |
| 英文关键词:Macroinvertebrate community structure biologic assessment of water quality Wujiang river |
| 基金项目:贵州省自然科学基金项目［黔科合Ｊ字（２００６） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解乌江流域的底栖动物群落结构和水质状况，２００６年７～８月对贵州境内乌江流域干流和１６条主要支流共３４个断面的底栖动物进行了调查，并利用生物学污染指数（ＢＰＩ）、Ｇｏｏｄｎｉｇｈｔ－Ｗｈｉｔｌｅｙ生物指数（ＧＩ）和Ｓｈａｎ ｎｏｎ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数（Ｈ′）对流域水质进行了评价。共获底栖动物１３２种，隶属４门、７纲、５４科；其中，线形动物１种，环节动物２１种，软体动物３７种，节肢动物７３种；在种类数上以软体动物和水生昆虫占优势，分别占总物种数的２８．０３％ 和５３．７８％。流域底栖动物密度为２２～２１７１２个／ｍ２，其中，霍甫水丝蚓、凸旋螺相对密度较高，在流域分布较为广泛，是流域的优势种；乌江大桥、沙沱电站、沿河二桥、思渠等断面具有较高的生物多样性（Ｈ′＝２．９７～３．５６）。底栖动物群落主要包括软体动物或以软体动物为主、软体动物＋节肢动物或以软体动物＋节肢动物为主、环节动物为主、节肢动物＋环节动物或以节肢动物为主等组合类型，软体动物为群落中的优势种。水质生物评价显示，基于ＢＰＩ，有２１个断面受到轻度到中度污染；基于Ｈ′，有３１个断面受到中度－严重污染；基于ＧＩ，则３４个断面分别受到轻度－严重污染。为使流域水质得到改善，必须对污染源进行控制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| An investigation was conducted in 34 sections of mainstream and 16 tributaries of Wujiang River of Guizhou Province in July-August 2006 in order to study the community structure of macroinvertebrate and waterquality. Biology Pollution Index(BPI )，Goodnight-Whitley Index(GI) and Shannon-Wiener Index(H') were applied to assess water quality. It was found that there was 132 macroinvertebrates species belonging to 54 families，7 classes and 4 phyla. These macroinvertebrates including 1 species of nematoda，21 species of annelidas，37 species of mollusks and 73 species of arthropods，and molluscs ( 28. 03 %) and aquatic insects ( 53.78 %) were dominant groups. The density of macroinvertebrates was 22-21 712 ind/m2 in the river basin. As dominant species，Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Gyraulus convexiusculus showed relatively high densities.The biodiversity was quite high in Wujiangdaqiao，Shatuodianzhan，Yanheerqiao，Siqu sections(H'=2. 97-3. 56).The types of macroinvertebrates community including Mollusca or mainly Mollusca , Mollusca+Arthropoda or mainly Mollusca+ Arthropoda，mainly Annelida，Arthropoda+Annelida or mainly Arthropoda，and Mollusca were dominant groups in majority community in the river basin. The biologic assessment of water quality suggested that 21 sections were contaminated from light to medium on BPI, 31 sections were contaminated from medium to severe on H'，34 sections were contaminated from light to severe on Gl. Therefore，it is very important to control pollution sources in order to improve Wujiang River water quality.
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| 陈浒,林 陶,秦樊鑫.2010.乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价[J].水生态学杂志,31(6):5-11. |
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