| 罗非鱼对浮游植物群落的影响 |
| Effect of Tilapia on Phytoplankton Community |
| 投稿时间：2010-01-21 修订日期：2010-03-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:围隔实验 尼罗罗非鱼 浮游植物 群落结构 |
| 英文关键词:enclosure experiment Nile tilapia phytoplankton community structure |
| 基金项目:国家863项目（2006AA06Z337）和珠海市政府项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 杂食性鱼类可以通过牧食和营养盐排泄影响浮游植物群落，罗非鱼是我国南方水体常见的外来杂食性鱼类，为了解其对浮游植物的影响，于２００７年６～１１月在广东珠海市大镜山水库进行了原位围隔实验，通过设置有鱼实验组与无鱼对照组，对比研究了尼罗罗非鱼（Ｏｒｅｏｃｈｒｏｍｉｓｎｉｌｏｔｉｃｕｓ）对浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果表明，实验结束时，有鱼实验组中浮游植物的密度和生物量分别为１．２×１０８个／Ｌ和８．１６ｍｇ／Ｌ，是无鱼对照组（０．９×１０８个／Ｌ、１．２２ｍｇ／Ｌ）的１１．０倍和８．４倍。有鱼组中甲藻的生长明显受到限制，而蓝藻的密度和生物量增加；实验结束时，从生物量上看，无鱼组中甲藻占优势，有鱼组则是蓝藻占优势。本研究说明罗非鱼对浮游植物的生长和群落结构有重要的影响，其营养盐排泄产生的上行效应大于由于摄食产生的下行效应，从而促进了浮游植物的生长。
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| 英文摘要: |
| Omnivorous fish may control phytoplankton via grazing or nutrient excretion. Tilapia is common exotic omnivorous fish in southern China. The effect of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus on phytoplankton community was studied by using enclosure experiments in Dajingshan Reservoir from June to November in 2007. There were two treatments，one with fish(fish group)and another without fish(non-fish group). Results showed that the density and biomass of phytoplankton in fish group were 1.2 x108 ind. /L and 8. 16 mg/L，respectively，and 11.0 density times and 8. 4 times as much as that in the non-fish group. Dinoflagellate's growth in the fish group was significantly restrained. The density and biomass of blue-green algae increased in the fish group. At the end of the experiment dinoflagellate was dominated in the non-fish group，while blue-green algae was dominated in the fish group. In conclusion，tilapia impose a significant impact on the growth and community structure of phytoplankton，bottom-up effects via its nutrient excretion are more important than top-down effects via its grazing and hence high fish density promotes the growth of phytoplankton. |
| 杨 凯,张修峰,刘正文.2010.罗非鱼对浮游植物群落的影响[J].水生态学杂志,31(3):12-17. |
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