| 鲢、鳙非经典生物操纵作用的研究进展与应用现状 |
| Status quo and Progress in research and Application on Nonclassical Biomanipulation of Silver Carp and Bighead Carp |
| 投稿时间：2009-12-21 修订日期：2010-03-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:鲢, 鳙, 非经典生物操纵作用, 富营养化, 浮游生物 |
| 英文关键词:silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis) , nonclassical biomanipulation, eutrophication, plankton |
| 基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金项目 （20072140）、大连市科学计划项目 （2007E21SF164） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 鲢、鳙作为内陆水域主要的滤食性经济鱼类，通过对浮游生物的摄食行为抑制蓝藻水华的发生，这种干预现象在水域生态学领域称为非经典生物操纵。综述了鲢、鳙非经典生物操纵作用的研究与应用进展。目前关于鲢、鳙非经典生物操纵作用存在２种不同的观点。一种观点认为鲢、鳙大量滤食浮游生物，在控制蓝藻水华的同时还可将水中有机物转化为鱼产品移出，能够有效控制水体富营养化；另一种观点认为，放养鲢、鳙实际加快了水体营养盐的周转速率，在抑制蓝藻水华的同时加快了水体的富营养化进程。针对这２种不同观点开展的实验与调查表明，鲢、鳙放养对于抑制藻类水华的爆发作用明确，但同时导致浮游动植物小型化，浮游生物的数量会由于水体营养盐周转速率的加快而出现大幅波动。综合各方观点作者认为，鲢、鳙对于水体蓝藻水华形成的预防和抑制作用证据较为明确，但对于一定时期内水体营养盐变化的影响存在较大的不确定性，与水文条件、鲢鳙存量、集水区状况等有密切的关联。
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| 英文摘要: |
| As major inland water filter-feeding fish，silver carp and bighead carp can restrain outbreak of cyanobacterial bloom in water by feeding，such an intervention is known as nonclassical biomanipulation in aquatic ecology. Status quo and progress in research and application on nonclassical biomanipulation of silver carp and bighead carp are described in this paper. There are two different viewpoints about the role of silver carp and bighead carp. One views that the silver carp and bighead carp can transform organic matter into fish products by eating plankton in a large number, and the eutrophication of water can be controlled effectively. Another views that the stocking of silver carp and bighead carp actually accelerate the turnover rates of nutrients in water，thus the eutrophication process will be accelerated. Experiments and surveys carried out on these two points showed that though silver carp and bighead carp can restrain outbreak of cyanobacterial bloom definitely，it can result in the miniaturization of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Also，the number of plankton fluctuate sharply due to the accelerated nutrient turnover rate. Comprehensive viewpoints believe that silver carp and bighead carp can prevent the formation of cyanobacteria definitely，but their effects on nutrients are uncertain，which are associated with hydrological conditions，stocking of silver carp and bighead carp and watershed condition，etc. |
| 刘 敏,徐敏娴,许迪亮,蒲红宇.2010.鲢、鳙非经典生物操纵作用的研究进展与应用现状[J].水生态学杂志,31(3):99-103. |
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