巢湖鲢、鳙鱼在富营养化条件下的食物组成分析
Analysis on the Diet Content of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Cuvjier et Valenciennes) and Aristicththys nobilos (Richardson) under Eutrophication in Chaohu Lake
投稿时间:2008-06-28  
DOI:
中文关键词:巢湖 富营养化 鲢 鳙 食物组成
英文关键词:Chaohu Lake  Eutrophication  . Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ( Cuvier et Valenciennes)  Aristichthysnobilos (Richardson)  Diet content
基金项目:
作者单位
刘恩生 安徽农业大学动物科技学院合肥 
鲍传和 安徽农业大学动物科技学院合肥 
杨启超 安徽农业大学动物科技学院合肥 
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中文摘要:
      为了分析富营养化条件下巢湖主要鱼类对饵料资源的利用情况及对环境的影响,于2007年5~9月粗略观察了鲢、鳙的食物组成,在10—11月用个数组成比例和重量组成比例定量分析了鲢、鳙的食物组成,测定了其生长指标,并结合巢湖历年鱼类渔获量统计资料,分析了巢湖鲢、鳙渔获量变化的趋势和原因。结果表明:在富营养化条件下,巢湖的鲢、鳙都以蓝藻为主要食物。其中,在5—9月份鲢、鳙的食物几乎全部是蓝藻,仅有零星浮游动物出现;在10~11月份,鲢、鳙食物中微囊藻占个数组成比例和重量组成比例的95%以上,而浮游动物很少。生长指标测定表明:以蓝藻为主要食物的巢湖鲢、鳙生长很快,主要捕捞个体的2’龄鳙平均体重为(2685±551)g,2’龄鲢为(2278±527)g。渔获量统计资料显示:巢湖鲢、鳙渔获量维持在较低水平,1989~2007年平均波动在(231.60±123.60)t,仅占总渔获量的(2.40±0.58)%。分析认为:在富营养化条件下,巢湖鲢、鳙主要摄食微囊藻,并且生长很快。巢湖中捕食鲢、鳙的凶猛鱼类很少,而富营养化导致的蓝藻经常性暴发为其提供了充足饵料,因此具备发展鲢、鳙的良好生态条件,但苗种放养量不足导致其渔获量较低。
英文摘要:
      To analysis the trend and reason of the catch changes of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ( Cuvier et Valenciennes) and Aristichthys nobilos (Richardson) in Chaohu Lake, we observed qualitatively the food component from May to Sep. in 2007, and surveyed quantitatively the food component and the growth indicator of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilos from Oct. to Nov. in 2007, and combined with the historical data. The results indicated that Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ( Cuvier et Valenciennes) and Aristichthys nobilos (Richardson) mainly fed on Cyanobacteria and fewly fed on zooplankton under eutrophication in Chaohu Lake. The growth index showed that the two fishes which diet content was occupied by cyanobacteria over 95% in volume had high growth rate. The catches of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ( Cuvier et Valenciennes) and Aristichthys nobilos (Richardson) from 1989 to 2007 fluctuated in (231.60 ±123.60)t, accounting for (2.40 ±0.58)% of the total fish catches in the lake. The analysis showed that: Under eutrophication, Cyanobacteria was the main food of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Cuvier et valenciennes)and Aristichthys nobilos (Richardson)and the fishes had quickly growth in Chaohu Lake.
刘恩生,鲍传和,杨启超.2009.巢湖鲢、鳙鱼在富营养化条件下的食物组成分析[J].水生态学杂志,30(3):27-31.
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