| 船舶噪声对菜子湖越冬大白鹭的行为影响分析 |
| Influence of Ship Noise on the Behavior of Overwintering Ardea alba in Caizi Lake |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-25 修订日期：2024-04-30 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202310250296 |
| 中文关键词:大白鹭 水鸟保护 船舶噪声 行为影响 菜子湖 |
| 英文关键词:Ardea alba water bird protection ship noise effect on behavior Caizi Lake |
| 基金项目:安徽省引江济淮工程有限责任公司科技项目(YJJH-ZT-ZX-20180404062)；安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司科技项目(YJJH-ZT-ZX-20200709301)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 明确船舶噪声对水鸟的影响范围阈值，为通航船舶管理和水鸟保护提供科学依据。以引江济淮工程菜子湖航道为研究区域，采用模拟噪声法研究船舶噪声对长江中下游常见越冬候鸟大白鹭（Ardea alba）的正常栖息活动、警戒和飞行行为的影响，并基于船舶噪声对水鸟行为影响程度分析方法研究了对大白鹭的影响范围。结果表明：距声源 151~200m 时，船舶噪声增加会干扰大白鹭正常栖息活动、增加警戒行为，一段时间后可能产生适应性，100dB（A）会影响飞行行为但总体较小； 200 m 外的大白鹭种群，随着船舶噪声源强增加，其正常栖息活动基本不受干扰，仅在 100dB（A）时飞行行为比例小幅增加，但各类行为基本不受影响。研究采用的基于模拟噪声的水鸟行为影响程度分析方法，有效实现了船舶噪声影响范围的阈值判定。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and other surface waters allow boat transport and provide important habitat for waterbirds. However, navigation on the waterways inevitably generates noise, which can have adverse effects on overwintering water birds. In this study, Caizi Lake, an important overwintering and resting site for migratory birds, was selected as the research site and Ardea alba (great egret), a common wetland bird in the middle and lower Yangtze River, was selected as the subject. We explored the effect of ship noise on the behavior of overwintering A. alba with a simulation experiment, focusing on vigilance and flight. The birds were exposed to 5 noise levels: background noise, 70, 80, 90 and 100 dB(A), at three distances (151-200 m, 201-250 m, 251-300 m). Results show that increasing ship noise intensity did alter the habitat activities of A. alba. Within a distance of 151-200 m from the source, ship noise at different intensities interfered with normal great egret activity and increased the level of vigilance. At a ship noise level of 90-100 dB, flight behavior was slightly influenced, indicating that great egrets can adapt to a short-term increase in ship noise. Beyond 200 m, flight activity increased slightly at a noise intensity of 100dB, but other activities of A. alba were influenced very little by ship noise at any intensity. In conclusion, the simulation experiment effectively determined the threshold for ship noise impact, providing scientific support for managing navigation on Caizi Lake to protect migratory birds, as well as data and a scientific reference for managing other navigable waterways. |
| 杨 龑,郝好鑫,蔡金洲,成 波,陈晓娟,王素娟,江 波.2024.船舶噪声对菜子湖越冬大白鹭的行为影响分析[J].水生态学杂志,45(6):107-114. |
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