| 白龙江舟曲特大山洪泥石流对径流量及生态流量的影响 |
| Impact of Catastrophic Zhouqu Debris Flow on Runoff and Ecological Flow in Bailong River |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-04 修订日期：2023-09-16 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202307040180 |
| 中文关键词:径流量 R/S分析法 最小生态流量 Tennant法 舟曲特大山洪泥石流 |
| 英文关键词:runoff R/S analysis minimum ecological flow Tennant method Zhouqu catastrophic debris flow |
| 基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划项目（21YF5FA094）；甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广计划项目（22GSLK068）；甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广计划项目（22GSLK069）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究径流量演变规律和评价河流水生态状况，对于流域水资源开发利用、水资源规划与水生态环境保护具有重要意义。基于白龙江干流舟曲水文站1967-2021年实测径流资料，以白龙江舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生时间为节点，将1967-2021年分为1967-2009年和2010-2021年2个研究期，采用累积距平曲线、R/S分析等方法，分析白龙江流域舟曲段径流量变化特征，用Tennant法等方法计算河流生态流量，探讨河流生态流量满足情况。结果表明：舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生前（1967-2009年），白龙江舟曲段年和四季径流量的变化均为显著减小趋势，舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生后（2010-2021年），年和四季径流量的变化均为不显著增加趋势，且年和四季径流量的多年平均径流量均大于泥石流发生前的多年平均径流量；舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生后，径流量变化波动性较大，先后出现极值；舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生前后分别有9.30%和8.30%月份的径流量小于最小生态流量；Tennant法评价结果发现舟曲特大山洪泥石流发生前后水生态状况呈正向变化。研究成果有利于全面掌握白龙江舟曲段径流年际演变规律和河流水生态状况，同时也可为白龙江上游水资源规划管理和水生态环境保护提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The study of changing runoff patterns and the evaluation of river water quality are important for water resource development and use, water resource planning, and the protection of aquatic ecology in the Bailong River basin. In this study, we analyzed changes in runoff in the Zhouqu section of Bailong River from 1967 to 2021, calculated the ecological flow of the river and evaluated the extent to which ecological flow had been maintained. The study was based on runoff data collected at the Zhouqu Hydrological Station during the period 1967-2021. The period was divided into two portions, 1967-2009 and 2010-2021, before and after the catastrophic Zhouqu debris flow in Bailong River in August 2010. Rescaled range analysis (R/S) and the cumulative anomaly curve were used to analyze changes in runoff in the Zhouqu section, and the Tennant method was used to calculate the ecological flow. Results show that both average annual and seasonal runoff were larger after the catastrophic debris flow than before the debris flow. From 1967 to 2009, both annual and seasonal runoff in the Zhouqu subbasin decreased significantly, with an annual decrease of 25.0 million m3/a and seasonal decreases for spring, summer, autumn and winter of -4.2 million m3/a, -9.7 million m3/a, -10.0 million m3/a and -1.0 million m3/a, respectively. From 2010 to 2021, annual and seasonal runoff increased, but not significantly, with an annual increase of 68.5 million m3/a and seasonal increases for spring, summer, autumn and winter of 16.6 million m3/a, 18.7 million m3/a, 25.9 million m3/a and 6.2 million m3/a. After the Zhouqu catastrophic debris flow, runoff fluctuated significantly and extreme values were observed. Before the debris flow, the runoff in 9.30% of months was lower than the ecological flow and decreased to 8.30% of months after the disaster. The Tennant method indicated a positive change in aquatic ecological conditions after the Zhouqu catastrophic debris flow. These findings help to comprehensively understand the annual and seasonal variations in runoff and the aquatic ecological condition in the Zhouqu section of Bailong River, provide a reference for water resource planning and management, and support efforts to protect the upper Bailong River. |
| 张苏娜,陈学林,牛最荣,宋爱英,贾 玲,童光泽.2024.白龙江舟曲特大山洪泥石流对径流量及生态流量的影响[J].水生态学杂志,45(6):57-68. |
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