| 硫酸盐对淡水养殖池塘水柱和底泥性质的影响 |
| Effects of Sulfate on the Water and Sediment of Aquaculture Ponds |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-16 修订日期：2023-03-02 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202212160501 |
| 中文关键词:水产养殖 有机质 氮循环 孔隙水 扩散通量 硫酸盐 |
| 英文关键词:aquaculture organic matter nitrogen cycle porewater diffusion flux sulfate |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31902378，U20A2010）；国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系项目（CARS-45-22）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 池塘养殖作为我国最主要的淡水养殖方式，其排放的营养物质造成的环境污染问题越来越受到重视，研究不同浓度硫酸盐对养殖池塘水柱和底泥的影响，对控制养殖池塘水质、减少污染物排放可能具有重要的意义。利用从养殖池塘采集的底泥和水构建了试验系统，研究了0（无添加，对照组）、30 mg/L（T1处理组）、150 mg/L（T2处理组）、500 mg/L（T3处理组）硫酸盐加入后水柱和不同分层底泥的变化。结果表明：（1）实验开始后，对照组水柱SO42-浓度相比实验前出现显著升高，且不同时间样品间SO42-浓度均存在显著差异，考虑到实验前试验系统未完全避光，可能存在藻类对SO42-的吸收，提示养殖池塘中SO42-的重要作用可能被藻类掩蔽；（2）T3处理组盐度和pH相比对照组均出现显著变化（P<0.05），说明高浓度SO42-引起了养殖池塘水体pH和盐度的显著改变；（3）相比对照组，处理组水柱和不同分层底泥C/N值、TOC、NH4+、NO3-、NO2-浓度发生了显著变化（P<0.05），说明SO42-可引起养殖池塘底泥有机质分解和氮循环过程的明显改变；（4）相比对照组，T2和T3处理组水柱―底泥界面NO3-、NO2-和NH4+扩散通量出现明显降低，并且其降低程度与SO42-浓度成正比，提示SO42-可能对底泥―水柱界面NO3-、NO2-和NH4+扩散通量造成影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pond aquaculture is the most important freshwater aquaculture mode in China, and environmental effects, due to nutrient release, have become increasingly serious. However, most previous studies focused on nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics, and research on the effects of sulfur, another important element in aquaculture ponds, is lacking. In this study, we explored the effects of sulfate on the water and different layers of sediment in aquaculture ponds. Water and sediment collected from an aquaculture pond were used to construct the experimental systems. Three treatment groups were prepared by adding different concentrations of sulfate to the system: 30 mg/L (T1), 150 mg/L (T2), 500 mg/L (T3), and 0 mg/L as the control. Water and sediment samples were collected before the experiment and on Day 10, 30, 50 and 90 after sulfate addition to determine the physicochemical parameters of the water column and the sediment at different depths. Results show that: (1) The content of SO42- in water of the control varied significantly before and after the experiment, and with sampling time. SO42- could be absorbed by algal and the role of sulfate in aquaculture ponds could be masked. (2) The salinity and pH varied significantly between T3 and the control group (p<0.05), indicating that a high SO42- concentration significantly effects the pH and salinity in aquaculture ponds. (3) The C/N ratio, TOC, NH4+, NO3-, and NO2- concentrations varied significantly between the treatment groups and the control group in the water and sediment layers (p<0.05), indicating that SO42- effects organic matter decomposition and nitrogen cycling in aquaculture pond sediment. (4) Compared to the control group, the diffusion fluxes of NO3-, NO2-, and NH4+ at the water-sediment interface decreased in T2 and T3, and the decreases were proportional to the SO42-concentration, suggesting that SO42- effects diffusion of NO3-, NO2-, and NH4+ at the water-sediment interface. Our results suggest that SO42- plays an important role in aquaculture ponds and has significant effects on water and sediment. The results could have implications for water quality control in aquaculture ponds and the control of pollutant discharge. |
| 代梨梨,彭 亮,陶 玲,张 辉,李 谷.2024.硫酸盐对淡水养殖池塘水柱和底泥性质的影响[J].水生态学杂志,45(6):97-106. |
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