| 基于鱼类生物完整性指数的黄河口近岸渔业水域健康评价 |
| Health Assessment of Coastal Fishery Waters in the Yellow River Estuary Based on the Fish Index of Biotic Integrity |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-10 修订日期：2022-05-30 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202204100106 |
| 中文关键词:鱼类生物完整性指数 生态系统 健康评价 渔业水域 黄河口 |
| 英文关键词:fish-index of biotic integrity (F-IBI) ecosystem health assessment fishery area the Yellow River estuary |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901201,2019YFD0901202)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2018HY-ZD0102) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 牛明香 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071；青岛市海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237 | | 王 俊 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071；青岛市海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
| | 左 涛 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071；青岛市海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
| | 李永涛 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071；青岛市海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
| | 程兆龙 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071；青岛市海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
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| 中文摘要: |
| 黄河口为典型的河口生态系统，构建其近岸水域鱼类生物完整性指数（F-IBI）评价指标体系，可为河口典型渔业水域的生态修复和渔业资源可持续利用提供科学参考。基于2020年黄河口近岸水域鱼类资源底拖网调查，分别以1982－1983年和2013－2014年的调查数据为参照点，从种类组成与丰度、繁殖共位群和营养结构等方面筛选14个评价指标，构建黄河口近岸水域F-IBI评价指标体系，采用1、3、5赋值法计算鱼类生物完整性指数，用以评价黄河口近岸渔业水域健康状况。结果显示，与20世纪80年代初相比，黄河口近岸水域鱼类生物完整性水平为“差”；与2013－2014年相比，鱼类生物完整性水平为“好”。相较于20世纪80年代初，近40年来黄河口近岸水域生态健康状况下降严重，处于较差的水平；但与2013－2014年相比，2020年黄河口近岸水域生态健康状况变化不明显。过度捕捞、环境污染、入海径流量锐减等因素致使黄河口鱼类栖息环境恶化，资源结构被破坏，生物完整性降低，生态健康状况下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Yellow River flows into the Bohai Sea and brings large amounts of nutrients and sediment into the sea, forming a typical estuarine ecosystem. In this study, we constructed a fish-based index of biotic integrity (F-IBI) evaluation system for the coastal waters of the Yellow River estuary. The biological integrity of the fish community was analyzed and the ecological health status of the coastal water in the Yellow River estuary was then evaluated. We aimed to provide a scientific reference to support ecological restoration and sustainable management of the fishery resource in a typical estuary. The construction of the fish-based index system of F-IBI was based on bottom trawl survey data of fish resources in the coastal waters of the Yellow River estuary in 2020. Fishery survey data from 1982-1983 and 2013-2014 in the area was used as the reference point. A total of 14 indices from four aspects of species composition and abundance, reproductive guilds, and trophic structure were selected to establish the evaluation system. The F-IBI value?of?the Yellow River estuary was calculated using/ a scale of 1, 3 and 5, and five grades of biological integrity were set according to the F-IBI values. Results show that the F-IBI value of the coastal water in the Yellow River estuary was 29.14 when using fishery survey data of 1982－1983 as the reference point, and the biological integrity level was poor compared with the early 1980s. The F-IBI value was 48.00 when using fishery survey data of 2013－2014 as the reference point and the F-IBI level was good compared with the status of 2013－2014. Analysis of the change in the F-IBI of Yellow River estuary indicates a serious decline in ecosystem health since the early 1980s, but little decline since 2013－2014. Overfishing, environmental pollution, and a sharp decrease of Yellow River discharge have damaged fish habitat, destroyed the fishery resource structure and damaged the biological integrity in the coastal fishery of the Yellow River estuary, resulting in a dramatic degradation in ecosystem health. |
| 牛明香,王 俊,左 涛,李永涛,程兆龙.2023.基于鱼类生物完整性指数的黄河口近岸渔业水域健康评价[J].水生态学杂志,44(6):45-52. |
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