| 黄河上游青川甘段表层沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价 |
| Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of the Qingchuangan Section of the Upper Yellow River |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-20 修订日期：2022-03-06 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202201200024 |
| 中文关键词:沉积物 重金属 黄河上游 |
| 英文关键词:sediment heavy metal upper reach of the Yellow River |
| 基金项目:国家高端外国专家引进计划（G2021026024L）；河南省重大公益专项(201300311300)；河南师范大学培育基金 (校2021PL05) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 评价黄河上游青川甘段表层沉积物重金属生态风险水平，探讨重金属污染源，为科学保护黄河上游生态敏感区提供理论支撑。2020年9月选取青川甘段内黄河干流以及主要支流（白河、黑河、洮河、湟水）18个位点，采集表层沉积物样品，分析铬(Cr)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等8种重金属元素含量的空间分布特征和来源，采用内梅罗综合污染指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法进行风险评价。结果显示，沉积物中As和Hg平均含量分别为11.740mg/kg和0.034 mg/kg，分别富集1.3倍和1.0倍，其他6种重金属含量均低于中国水系沉积物背景值。As富集程度最高，内梅罗综合污染指数最高，为中度污染，但潜在生态风险远低于Hg和Cd。Hg的潜在生态风险值最高，为40.29，中等级别，其次为Cd。根据主成分分析法和相关性分析结果推测，部分断面较高的As、Hg和Cd污染程度和生态风险主要受人类活动影响，如干流的龙羊峡库区出水口（G5）、支流洮河的西寨大桥（T1）、黑河的大水(H2)，应加强监控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of the Qingchuangan Section of the Upper Yellow River
In this study, we characterized the distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Qingchuangan section of the upper Yellow River, assessed potential ecological risks, and identified potential sources. Our objective was to provide information supporting conservation of that ecologically sensitive area. In September 2020, surface sediment samples were collected from 18 sampling sites in the mainstream and primary tributaries (Baihe River, Heihe River, Taohe River and Huangshui River) of the upper Yellow River. The spatial distribution and pollution sources of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) were analyzed, and the ecological risk of the eight heavy metals was assessed using the Nemero comprehensive pollution index, geo-accumulation index and potential ecological hazard index. Results show that the average sediment concentrations of As and Hg were 11.74 mg/kg and 0.034 mg/kg, 1.3 and 1.0 times the national background values. Concentrations of the other six heavy metals were below the background values for sediments in Chinese rivers. Among the eight heavy metals, the accumulation level and Nemero comprehensive pollution index of As was highest. Arsenic pollution was assessed as moderate, but its potential ecological risk was much lower than for Hg and Cd. The potential ecological risk index of Hg was highest (40.29) and at a medium level, followed by Cd, also at a medium level in Heihe River. Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis show that high pollution degree and ecological risk of As, Hg and Cd in some sites, including the outlet of Longyangxia reservoir on the mainstream, Xizhai bridge in Taohe River, and Dashui in Heihe River, were primarily affected by human activities. Heavy metals in these sites should be closely monitored and controlled more strictly. |
| 李 聪,王振斌,高云霓,李学军,张景晓,董 静,张 曼,高肖飞,李 玫.2024.黄河上游青川甘段表层沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价[J].水生态学杂志,45(2):63-72. |
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