| 白马湖浮游动物生态位及其生态分化影响因子 |
| Zooplankton Ecological Niche and Factors Affecting Ecological Differentiation in Baima Lake |
| 投稿时间：2021-05-12 修订日期：2022-09-18 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202105120140 |
| 中文关键词:白马湖 浮游动物 生态位宽度 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词:Baima Lake zooplankton niche width environmental factors |
| 基金项目:江苏省水利科技项目（2020040，2014038） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探究环境因子对浮游动物的影响，可为白马湖水生态修复与水环境治理提供基础数据。2018年在白马湖6个典型区域设定11个采样点，按月度采集湖泊水样，鉴定浮游动物种类，测定水体理化指标，解析浮游动物主要优势种的生态位，分析其生态相似性；采用K-优势度曲线法对浮游动物种（类）群进行排序，计算其生态位宽度值（Bi），并通过冗余分析（RDA）阐述其生态位分化状况。结果显示，白马湖浮游动物共出现20个优势种（类）群，春季（3-5月）和冬季（12-2月）浮游动物的多样性要高于夏季（6-8月）和秋季（9-11月）；K-优势度曲线表明，夏季整体趋势与全年趋势最为接近。依据浮游动物优势种（类）的生态位宽度值，可分为广生态位、中生态位和窄生态位三大种（类）群。广生态位种（类）群如针簇多肢轮虫、桡足幼体、无节幼体等在各个季节均出现，且在大部分站点都有较高的个体百分比，生态位宽度值全年均较高，表明这些种类的浮游动物生态适应能力较强；窄生态位种（类）群如懒轮虫、等刺异尾轮虫、褐砂壳虫等对环境的适应性较差，其丰度相对较小，且一年中分布不均匀，或只在个别季节少量出现。RDA分析表明，总氮、氨氮、pH和溶解氧对浮游动物时空生态分化有直接影响，高锰酸盐和总磷的影响次之。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we analyzed the ecological niche of the dominant zooplankton species in Baima Lake, located in the lower Huaihe River. In addition, the ecological similarity of zooplankton and the impact of environmental factors on the zooplankton was explored. The aim was to provide basic data supporting the restoration of water ecology and management of the water environment in Baima Lake. In 2018, water samples at 11 sampling sites representing 6 areas of Baima Lake were collected monthly for identification of zooplankton species and determination of physicochemical parameters of the water body. The niche width (Bi) of dominant zooplankton species (groups) in the lake was calculated by the K-dominance curve method, and niche differentiation was studied by redundancy analysis (RDA). A total of 20 dominant species (groups) were detected in the lake. The diversity of zooplankton in spring (March-May) and winter (December-February) was higher than in summer (June-August) and autumn (September-November). The K-dominance curve shows that the overall trend in summer was similar to that for the whole year. According to the niche width of the dominant species (groups) in the lake, the zooplankton in Baima Lake was divided into three types: a wide niche group, a medium niche group and a narrow niche group. The wide niche species (groups), including Polyarthra trigla, Copepods and Nauplius, appeared in all seasons, had a high percentage of individuals at most sites and the niche width values were high throughout the year, indicating that these species are highly adaptable. Narrow niche species (groups) including Rotaria tardigrada, Trichocerca similis and Difflugia avellana, have low adaptability. Their abundance was relatively low, and their distribution was uneven throughout the year, some appearing only in one season. RDA analysis shows that total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, pH and dissolved oxygen have the strongest effect on the spatial and temporal ecological differentiation of zooplankton, followed by the potassium permanganate chemical oxygen demand (CODMn ) and total phosphorus. |
| 范林洁,胡晓东,陈文猛,王春美.2022.白马湖浮游动物生态位及其生态分化影响因子[J].水生态学杂志,43(5):59-66. |
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