| 星海湖湿地土地利用变化及其生态需水研究 |
| Land Use Changes and Ecological Water Requirement of Xinghai Lake Wetland |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-19 修订日期：2021-05-13 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202104190116 |
| 中文关键词:星海湖 干旱区湖泊湿地 土地利用 生态需水 |
| 英文关键词:Xinghai Lake lake wetland in arid area land use ecological water requirement |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金“基于人类-湿地耦合的西部典型城区湖泊湿地生态服务价值评估及生态安全构建”（41561106） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对星海湖的生态需水量进行估算，为当地水资源合理配置、维持生态功能及制定星海湖湿地生态恢复方案提供科学参考。利用GIS-遥感技术解译影像，提取1996、2005、2008、2011、2014及2018年不同时期土地利用类型面积，通过水量平衡原理、FAO56Penman－Monteith法开展星海湖湿地湖泊及周边植被生态需水研究。结果表明：（1）星海湖土地利用格局以水域为主，建设用地、草地次之。水域面积整体呈现增长态势，从3.02 km2（占比6.42%）增加至20.22 km2（占比43.11%）；建设用地面积呈现增长态势，从5.56 km2（占比11.83%）增加至10.80 km2（占比23.02%）；（2）星海湖湿地生态需水总量整体呈增长态势，仅在2014年有所下降，在2018年生态需水总量达到最高：最小生态需水总量为13 449.80×104 m3，适宜生态需水总量为13 674.34×104 m3；1996年生态需水总量达到最低：最小生态需水总量为2 177.11×104 m3，适宜生态需水总量为2 314.37×104 m3。采取全面、科学、合理的土地利用管理措施，使得当地水资源可以满足生态需水量，是今后研究需进一步考虑的问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Xinghai Lake wetland is a typical urban lake wetland in an arid region, and its ecological environment and ecological water requirement are affected by land use changes and related policies. In recent years, the ecological security of the Xinghai River wetland has been seriously threatened by rapidly changing land use patterns and the severe lack of water resources in the region. In this study, we selected Xinghai Lake wetland for research and estimated the ecological water requirement of the wetland in different years, aiming to provide a scientific basis for environmental protection, rational use and optimal allocation of regional water resources. Remote sensing imagery of the Xinghai Lake wetland in 1996, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2018 were selected as the base data and GIS remote sensing technology was used to interpret images and extract the areal extent of land use types for each of the years included. The ecological water demand of Xinghai Lake wetland and surrounding vegetation from 1996 to 2018 were then determined using the water balance and FAO56 Penman-Monteith method. Results show that: (1) The changes in land use types were dramatic. The current land use pattern of Xinghai Lake wetland was dominated by standing water, followed by construction land and grassland. The overall area of water and construction land trended upward, with an increase in water area from 6.42km2 in 1996 (6.42%) to 43.11km2 in 2018 (43.11%) and an increase in construction land area from 5.56 km2 (11.83%) in 1996 to 10.80 km2 in 2018 (23.02%). (2) The ecological water requirement of Xinghai Lake wetland also presented an overall upward trend, declining only in 2014 and peaking in 2018, with a minimum ecological water requirement of 13 449.80×104 m3, and a suitable ecological water requirement of 13 674.34×104 m3. In 1996, the ecological water requirement was the lowest, with a minimum ecological water requirement of 2 177.11×104 m3, and a suitable ecological water requirement of 2 314.37×104 m3. Rational scientific land use allocation and management are crucial for meeting the ecological water requirement, improving the local ecological environment and maintaining regional ecological integrity, and will be an important area of research in the future. |
| 魏琪琪,钟艳霞,贺婧,罗玲玲,齐娅荣.2022.星海湖湿地土地利用变化及其生态需水研究[J].水生态学杂志,43(3):27-34. |
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