| 黄河陕西段浮游动物群落结构时空动态及与环境因子的关系 |
| Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Zooplankton Community Structure and the Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Shaanxi Section of Yellow River |
| 投稿时间：2017-07-25 修订日期：2019-11-06 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.06.008 |
| 中文关键词:黄河陕西段 浮游动物 群落结构 环境因子 典范相关分析 |
| 英文关键词:Shaanxi section of the Yellow River zooplankton community structure environmental factors canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项《黄河及其河口渔业资源评价和增殖养护技术研究与示范》 （201303050）；水利科技计划《黄河陕西段渔业资源及经济鱼类产卵场生态环境评价》（2014slkj-36） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解黄河陕西段的浮游动物群落结构时空动态及与环境因子的关系，使该段水资源能得到更好的保护，于2013年7月至2014年5月在该河段分为7个采样断面，对其浮游动物群落结构进行了季节性调查，同时对相关水环境指标和同期浮游植物群落结构进行了典范相关分析(CCA)。结果显示：共检出浮游动物20种，其中原生动物4种，轮虫10种，枝角类3种，桡足类3种，夏季浮游动物种类数最多，为16种，冬季最少，为5种；浮游动物丰度和生物量变化范围分别为25~3800 个/L 和0.00001～1.24 mg/L，春夏较大、秋冬较小，空间上整体呈现上游低、下游高的分布趋势；浮游动物优势种为小旋口虫（Spirostomum minus）、萼花臂尾轮虫（Brachionus calyciflorus）、前节晶囊轮虫（Asplanvhna priodonta）、曲腿龟甲轮虫（Keratella valga）、裂足臂尾轮虫（Brachionus diversicornis）和微型裸腹溞（Moina micrura）；多样性分析显示浮游动物Shannon-Wiener 指数均值为0.65~0.83，Margalef 指数为1.08~2.49，Pielou 均匀度指数为0.39~0.60。总体上说该段水体浮游动物结构单一，多样性水平低，出现了污染种，水体呈现富营养化状态，需要采取措施防止水质变坏。典范相关分析结果表明影响浮游动物丰度的主要环境因子为COD、TN、pH和Cr。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Zooplankton play an important role in the aquatic food web and are often used as ecological and environmental indicators because of their sensitivity to changes in the water environment. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal variation of zooplankton community structure in the Shaanxi section of the middle Yellow River. Species composition, dominant species and community diversity were determined and the relationship of zooplankton community structure to environmental factors was analyzed using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The objectives of the study were to provide basic data and scientific evidence for evaluating the aquatic ecosystem and conserving water resources in the Shaanxi section of the Yellow River. Seasonal investigation of zooplankton was carried out at seven sampling transects in July (summer) and October (autumn) of 2013, January (winter) and May (spring) of 2014. Water quality parameters and heavy metals were also monitored. A total of 20 zooplankton species were identified, including 4 protozoans, 10 rotifers, 3 cladocera and 3 copepods. The highest zooplankton species richness occurred in summer (16 species) and the lowest was in winter (5 species). The range of zooplankton abundance was 25-3 800 ind/L and the range in biomass was 0.00001-1.24 mg/L, and both were generally higher in spring and summer, and lower in autumn and winter. Spatially, zooplankton abundance and biomass increased from upstream to downstream. The dominant species were Spirostomum minus, Brachionus calyciflorus, Asplanchna priodonta, Keratella valga, Brachionus diversicornis and Moina micrura. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index were, respectively, 0.65-0.83, 1.08-2.49 and 0.39-0.60. In summary, the zooplankton community structure in the Shaanxi section of Yellow River was simple and diversity was low. Further, some indicator species of pollution were found during the investigation, indicating eutrophic conditions. CCA results show that COD, TN, pH and Cr were the primary environmental factors affecting zooplankton abundance. |
| 李瑞娇,齐喜荣,王益昌,张军燕,任敬,沈红保.2019.黄河陕西段浮游动物群落结构时空动态及与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,40(6):54-60. |
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