| 无锡亲水河生态修复过程中的浮游甲壳动物群落结构研究 |
| Research on community structure of crustacean zooplankton in the ecological engineering of Wuxi Qinshui river |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-28 修订日期：2016-04-11 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.01.010 |
| 中文关键词:亲水河；生态修复；浮游甲壳动物；生物多样性 生物绳；生态工程 |
| 英文关键词:Qinshui River eco-remediation crustacean zooplankton biodiversity bio-rope ecological engineering |
| 基金项目:太湖水污染治理专项资金（第七期）技术示范类科研课题(TH2013205) ；南京水利科学研究院水利部水科学与水工程重点实验室开放研究基金（Yk914006）；国家自然科学基金（31300395）；教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20133418120007)；中科院南京地湖所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金（2014SKL008）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用前置库技术及生物绳与湿地植物联合修复技术对无锡市亲水河进行生态修复。为了研究生态修复过程中水环境因子与浮游甲壳动物群落结构之间的关系、水质改变对浮游甲壳动物群落结构的影响及其生态学意义，对2014年6-12月生态修复期间的浮游甲壳动物群落结构进行了研究。共检测出浮游甲壳动物24种，其中枝角类10属、11种，桡足类11属、13种，主要优势种类为角突网纹溞(Creiodaphnia cornuta)、简弧象鼻溞(Bosmina coregoni)、中华窄腹剑水蚤(Limnoithona sinensis)、爪哇小剑水蚤(Microcylops javanus)和广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)。亲水河生态示范区内浮游甲壳动物的最大密度和生物量(1005.00个/L、8617.1 μg/L)均出现在8月份，最小值(1.80个/L、11.4μg/L)出现在11月和12月。生态修复后，亲水河中浮游甲壳动物生物量由前置库区的892.6 μg/L上升到生态修复区的1018.5 μg/L。Pearson相关分析发现，温度（r=0.530，P<0.01）、营养盐[磷（r=0.365，P<0.01）与氮磷比（r=-0.477，P<0.01）]和叶绿素a（r=0.450，P<0.01）含量等对浮游甲壳动物总丰度有显著影响。生态修复工程实施期间，亲水河不同修复阶段的浮游甲壳动物的丰度差异较大，并且表现为生态修复区密度和生物量显著高于前置库区。相关分析发现，浮游甲壳动物的密度与水体中总磷和叶绿素含量、温度以及氮磷比等显著相关，其它环境因子的影响不显著。研究表明，亲水河前置库、生物绳与湿地植物联合生态修复技术能够有效消减河流中营养物质含量，提升浮游甲壳动物的密度和生物量，值得在类似河流生态修复工程推广应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Qinshui River, located in southern Taihu New Town of Wuxi City, provides a buffer zone for Taihu Lake. Removal of particulate matter and nutrients by the buffer is important for improving water quality and maintaining the health of Taihu Lake’s aquatic ecosystem. In 2014, an ecological restoration project was implemented in the Qinshui River to reduce both non-point and domestic wastewater pollution. The ecological demonstration zone had three important components: surface runoff collection and regulation; construction of an artificial stepped-pool system with front damming; and an ecological restoration area. Eco-remediation technology combined the use bio-rope and wetland plant restoration. As part of the project, the community structure of crustacean zooplankton and water quality parameters in the stepped-pool system were compared with those in the ecological restoration area and the relationship between water quality parameters and planktonic crustacean community structure was analyzed. The goal was to evaluate the influence of water quality improvement on the planktonic crustacean community to prove the feasibility and demonstrate the effectiveness of ecological restoration, based on changes in community structure. During the ecological restoration process (June to December, 2014), planktonic crustacean samples were collected for qualitative and quantitative analysis at eight sampling sites; three sampling sites (Q1-Q3) in the stepped-pool system and five sampling sites (Q4-Q8) in the ecological restoration area. The water quality parameters measured at each site included SD, T, pH, DO, FTU, Cond, TDS, Sal, TN, TDN, NO3--N, NH4+-N, TP, TDP, Chl-a and SS. A total of 24 species were identified, including 11cladoceran species from 10 genera and 13 Copepod species from 11 genera. Creiodaphnia cornuta, Bosmina coregoni, Limnoithona sinensis, Microcylops javanus and Mesocyclops leuckarti were the dominant species during the study period. The maximum density and biomass (1005.00 ind/L, 8617.1 μg/L) of crustacean zooplankton were both recorded in August, while the minimum (1.80 ind/L, 11.4 μg/L) were recorded in November and December. After ecological restoration, the biomass of crustacean zooplankton increased from 892.6 μg/L (stepped-pool area) to 1018.5 μg/L (ecological restoration area). Pearson correlation analysis indicates that temperature (r=0.530, P<0.01), nutrients [TP (r=0.365, P<0.365), TN/TP ratio (r=-0.477, P<0.01)] and chlorophyll a (r=0.450, P<0.01) significantly affect planktonic crustacean biomass and other water quality parameters have no obvious affect. The abundance of planktonic crustaceans displayed significant differences at different stages of restoration. The density and biomass of planktonic crustaceans were much higher in the restoration area than in the stepped-pools. Our research demonstrated that ecological engineering that includes pre-reservoir technology, using bio-rope and wetland plants reduces nutrients effectively and improves crustacean zooplankton community structure. This method of ecological restoration should be promoted in future river eco-remediation projects. |
| 余德琴,郭匿春,汤祥明,过龙根.2016.无锡亲水河生态修复过程中的浮游甲壳动物群落结构研究[J].水生态学杂志,37(1):70-77. |
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