| 长江中游透水框架护岸工程对底栖动物群落结构的影响 |
| Effect of Tetrahedron Permeable Frames on the Community Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in the Middle Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2015-05-08 修订日期：2016-03-03 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.06.011 |
| 中文关键词:长江中游 四面六边透水框架 护岸工程 底栖动物 生物多样性 |
| 英文关键词:middle reach of the Yangtze River tetrahedron permeable frame bank-protection benthic macroinvertebrates biodiversity |
| 基金项目:长江航道局荆江航道指挥部科研项目；武汉市市属高校教研课题(2014007)；国家级大学生创新训练计划项目（201411072008）；江汉大学学生学术科技项目(2014zd81) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2014年3月对长江中游干流水陆洲、三八滩、金城洲和牯牛沙等江段四面六边透水框架护岸工程区大型底栖动物群落进行了调查，对比分析了工程区和对照区底栖动物群落结构和多样性差异，以了解航道整治透水框架工程实施对河流底栖动物群落的影响，为河流生态水利工程建设及生态修复提供依据。在每个调查站点工程区内设置3个采样点，工程区外设置3个对照点，对照点在工程区上游或下游设置，选取水流条件不受工程区影响的区域，且保证对照点水深、岸边植被等条件与工程区样点相近。在透水框架工程区及对照区共采集底栖动物22种，隶属于3门6纲8科；摇蚊幼虫种类最多（占50.0%），其次是寡毛类（27.2%）和软体动物（13.6%）。水陆洲、三八滩、金城洲和牯牛沙等江段透水框架工程区底栖动物密度分别为1450、175、125和160 ind/m2，生物量分别为4.19、0.10、0.48和0.17 g/m2；对照区底栖动物密度分别为140、20、35和33 ind/m2，生物量分别为2.30、0.01、0.02和0.07 g/m2。底栖动物多样性指数dM、H′和J的变化范围工程区分别为0.21~1.37、0.41~1.62和0.38~0.87，对照区分别为0.14~0.40、0.28~0.96和0.41~0.68。透水框架工程区底栖动物种类丰度、密度、生物量和多样性指数表现出高于对照区的趋势，表明透水框架工程区群落结构较复杂性并提高了底栖动物的多样性，可能与透水框架群能降低河水流速、减小河水对底质的冲击有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The tetrahedron permeable frame is an effective technology for bank-protection and has been widely used in the navigation channel of the middle reach of the Yangtze River. Currently, the information about the effect of tetrahedron permeable frames on zoobenthos community structure and biodiversity of zoobenthos is insufficient. Because this is a matter of concern to river managers, we compared the community structure and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in project areas with those in control areas in this study. The comparison was carried out in March 2014 and based on surveys at four stations (Shuiluzhou, Sanbatan, Jinchengzhou and Guniusha) in the middle Yangtze River. Results provide information for ecological engineering and restoration projects in large rivers. Six sampling sites were located at each station, three in the project area and three in the control area. Control sites were located, upstream or downstream of the project area, where flow condition was not influenced by the project and water depth and shoreline vegetation were similar to those in the project area. Physicochemical parameters were measured at sampling stations：water temperature, pH, oxidation/reduction potential, conductivity and flow velocity. A total of 22 zoobenthos species (3 phyla, 6 classes and 8 families) were collected during the investigation. Chironomid larvae displayed the highest species richness, accounting for 50% of the total species, followed by aquatic oligochaete (27.2%) and mollusks (13.6%). At the Shuiluzhou, Sanbatan, Jinchengzhou and Guniusha project stations, benthic macroinvertebrate densities were, respectively, 1450, 175, 125 and 160 ind/m2 and biomasses were 4.19, 0.10, 0.48 and 0.17 g/m2. Control station densities were 140, 20, 35, and 33 ind/m2 and biomasses were 2.30, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.07 g/m2. The range of average Margalef richness index（dM）, shannon-wiener diversity index（H′）, Pielou’s evenness index（J）of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in the project areas were, respectively, 0.21-1.37, 0.41-1.62 and 0.38-0.87, while those in control areas were 0.14-0.40, 0.28-0.96 and 0.41-0.68. In the project areas, species richness, density, biomass and diversity indices were higher than in control areas. These results indicate that tetrahedron permeable frames promote diversity and complexity within the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure, likely due to lowered flow velocity and reduced scouring. |
| 李莎,熊飞,王珂,段辛斌,刘绍平,陈大庆.2015.长江中游透水框架护岸工程对底栖动物群落结构的影响[J].水生态学杂志,36(6):72-79. |
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