| 广西会仙湿地农田沟渠鱼类群聚差异研究 |
| Fish Assemblage in Different Types of Irrigation Ditches in Huixian Wetland, Guangxi Province |
| 投稿时间：2015-01-13 修订日期：2015-11-09 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.05.003 |
| 中文关键词:农田沟渠 鱼类 生物多样性 会仙湿地 |
| 英文关键词:farmland ditches fish biodiversity Huixian Wetland |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51379038）；广西自然科学基金（2014GXNSFBA118072）；广西教育厅高校科学研究项目（YB2014151）；博士科研启动项目；广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究会仙湿地非硬质化、半硬质化和硬质化沟渠中夏秋两季鱼类组成，评价沟渠硬质化对鱼类生物多样性影响。采用电捕法和人工抄网共采集鱼类标本1388尾，经鉴定为25种，隶属于5目10科22属。单因素方差分析（ANOVA）结果显示夏季非硬质化沟渠的鱼类Shannon-Wiener指数显著高于硬质化沟渠（P＜0.05）；秋季非硬质化沟渠及半硬质化沟渠的鱼类生物量显著高于硬质化沟渠（P＜0.05）；秋季半硬质化沟渠的鱼类个体数显著高于硬质化沟渠（P＜0.05）；夏季非硬质化沟渠的鱼类物种数显著高于硬质化沟渠（P＜0.05），而秋季半硬质化沟渠的物种数显著高于硬质化沟渠（P＜0.05）。鱼类群落多维排序图（NMDS）结果显示，夏秋两季鱼类群落结构基本能分开，且鱼类群落结构的相似性分析(ANOSIM)显示夏秋季之间的鱼类群落结构存在显著差异（P＜0.05）；鱼类群落NMDS排序与单因子相似性分析结果显示，夏季和秋季会仙湿地农田3类沟渠的鱼类群落结构均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Farmland irrigation ditches constitute a special kind of wetland system. The plant diversity in different types of irrigation ditches varies. The high plant diversity of different types of irrigation ditches provides good habitat and shelter for fish and increases the biodiversity of farmland ecosystems. Huixian wetland, surrounded by farmland with irrigation ditches, is a low altitude karst wetland in the largest karst region of China. In recent years many irrigation ditches have been lined with concrete to conserve water. To date, no research has been reported on the effect of covering the irrigation ditches (streambed substrate material) on fish diversity. In this study, fish community diversity was investigated in different types of farmland ditches in June and July (summer) and September and October (autumn) of 2014. Twenty sampling sites were selected in three types of farmland ditch: (A) unconstructed banks and natural stream bed; (B) half constructed bank and natural stream bed; (C) constructed banks and stream bed. Electroshocking and dip nets were used to collect fish samples that were taken to the lab for counting and measurement of body length and mass. Physicochemical parameters at sampling sites were measured in situ, including water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and turbidity. A total of 1388 individuals, from 25 species, 22 genera, 10 families and 5 orders were identified. One-way Analysis of Variance（ANOVA）indicated: the Shannon-Wiener diversity and species richness of the fish community for Type A irrigation ditches were significantly higher than those in Type C ditches in summer (P＜0.05); biomass for Type A and Type B ditches were dramatically higher than for type C ditches in autumn (P＜0.05); Fish number and species richness of the fish community in Type B ditches were significantly higher than those in Type C ditches in autumn (P＜0.05). Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) show that the fish communities presented obvious seasonal variation in summer and autumn, and that the fish communities in summer are significantly different from those in autumn. However, differences among the three types of irrigation ditches do not vary with season. |
| 胡祎祥,黄亮亮,吴志强,熊力,曹文锐,李富海,王小丽,黄海.2015.广西会仙湿地农田沟渠鱼类群聚差异研究[J].水生态学杂志,36(5):15-21. |
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