| 南水北调东线南四湖湖鲚种群的形态判别与地理亲缘关系 |
| Morphological Discriminant Analysis and Phylogeography of Coilia ectenes taihuensis in Nansi Lake on the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-06 修订日期：2014-07-06 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.02.013 |
| 中文关键词:湖鲚 种群 形态判别 亲缘关系 南四湖 |
| 英文关键词:Coilia ectenes taihuensis population morphological discriminant genetic relationship Nansi Lake |
| 基金项目:山东省科技发展计划项目（2008GG10006023）,山东省渔业资源修复项目。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为澄清南水北调东线南四湖湖鲚种群的地理亲缘关系，运用多变量形态度量学方法，基于26项形态特征参数比较研究了4个水域的鲚(Coilia ectenes) 种群之间的形态差异。检视南四湖湖鲚样本50尾、太湖湖鲚50尾、洪泽湖湖鲚50尾、利津水库刀鲚1980年代标本50尾。聚类分析结果表明：洪泽湖群体和南四湖群体之间的形态最为接近，首先聚为一支；太湖群体聚为另一支；黄河附属水体利津水库群体与其他3个群体的亲缘关系相对较远。以筛选10个性状的特征值建立的函数判别分析，判别准确率为洪泽湖群体82.7%、利津水库群体100%、南四湖群体84%和太湖群体84.9%，综合判别准确率为84.3%。主成分分析，洪泽湖群体、南四湖群体和太湖群体之间的重叠较多，群体间的遗传距离较近。单因子方差分析，4个鲚群体间有15项形态比例参数差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)，其他11个形态比例参数的差异系数均小于1.28，表明4个鲚群体间的形态差异尚未达到亚种水平，属于不同地理群体间的差异。从水系连通上推断，南四湖湖鲚为2002年长江向南四湖应急生态补水时由洪泽湖和骆马湖湖鲚群体扩散建群。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nansi Lake, the sixth large freshwater lake in China, is hydrologically connected to Hongze Lake, Luoma Lake and Dongping Lake by the Eastern Route of the South-North Water Transfer Project. Coilia ectenes, belonging to Coilia, Engraulidae and Clupeiformes, is an anadromous species. The literature indicates that Nansi Lake formerly connected with the Yellow River through Dongping Lake and Coilia ectenes from the Yellow River was the main economic fish species in Nansi Lake before 1960, but completely disappeared after the 1980s because of hydrologic barriers constructed on lakes and rivers, over-fishing and reclamation. Fortunately, Coilia ectenes has reappeared in Nansi Lake since 2007 and is making an increasingly large contribution to the total fish harvest. To clarify the phylogeography of Coilia ectenes in Nansi Lake in the Eastern Route of South-to-north Water Transfers Project, we used the method of multivariate morphometrics to analyze morphological variation among four populations of Coilia ectenes. The study will supply baseline data for evaluating the effects of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project on the fishery resources of lakes along the project route. One hundred and fifty Coilia ectenes taihuensis samples were obtained, 50 specimens each from Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake and Nansi Lake populations. In addition, 50 specimens of Coilia ectenes collected in the 1980s from Lijin Reservoir were available and used for comparison. Ten anatomical landmarks were selected to build the truss network and 26 morphometric parameters were measured using an electronic digital vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. The differences of 26 morphometric parameters were evaluated by cluster analysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Results of the cluster analysis revealed that the four populations were clustered into three clades. The first group included populations from Hongze Lake and Nansi Lake, two populations were clustered within the population from Taihu Lake as the second group and the third group was the preserved specimens from Lijin Reservoir. Discriminant analysis, based on the values of 10 morphometric parameters, indicates that the discriminant accuracy of the functions for the four populations of Hongze Lake, Lijin Reservoir, the Nansi Lake and the Taihu Lake were 82.7%, 100%, 84% and 84.9%, respectively, with the total discriminant accuracy of 84.3% for the four populations. Principal component analysis shows that the three populations from Hongze Lake, Nansi Lake and Taihu Lake share more morphological characteristics due to a closer genetic relationship. One-way ANOVA indicates that 15 morphometric characteristics in the four populations displayed a significant difference (P<0.01) and the coefficients of difference (CD) for other 11 morphometric characteristics among the four populations were all < 1.28, indicating that the morphological differences among the four population didn’t reach the level of subspecies. According to the 75% rule of Mayr, Coilia ectenes taihuensis of the three lakes and the Coilia ectenes in Lijin Reservoir belong to different geographical groups. We inferred that C. ectenes taihuensis populations of Nansi Lake came from Hongze Lake and Luoma Lake by the ecological water diversion from the Yangtze River in 2002.
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| 李秀启,安丽,高云芳,客涵,刘超,王亚楠.2015.南水北调东线南四湖湖鲚种群的形态判别与地理亲缘关系[J].水生态学杂志,36(2):81-87. |
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