| 红水河流域梯级水库夏季浮游植物群落结构特征 |
| Summer Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Cascaded Reservoirs of the Hongshui River Basin |
| 投稿时间：2014-04-09 修订日期：2014-10-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:浮游植物 群落结构 红水河 梯级水库 多样性指数 |
| 英文关键词:phytoplankton community structure Hongshui River cascaded reservoirs diversity index |
| 基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项经费（200901009） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2009年夏季(6－7月)对红水河干流龙滩、岩滩、大化、百龙滩、乐滩、桥巩6座梯级水库及主要支流水体中浮游植物的种类组成和分布进行了调查，共鉴定出浮游植物6门、75属、84种，以硅藻种类最多，其次是绿藻和蓝藻；其中硅藻51 种，占60.71%；绿藻17 种，占20.24%；蓝藻门10种，占11.90%；甲藻门、金藻门、红藻门各2种，分别占2.38%。优势度分析表明，龙滩水库和百龙滩水库浮游植物优势种为硅藻和绿藻，岩滩水库、大化水库、乐滩水库浮游植物优势种为硅藻、绿藻和蓝藻，桥巩水库浮游植物优势种为硅藻、绿藻和金藻；浮游植物密度变化范围2.12×105～6.03×105个/L，百龙滩水库的密度最高,为6.03×105个/L，龙滩水库的密度最低，为2.12×105个/L；浮游植物生物量变化范围0.60～2.45 mg/L，龙滩水库的浮游植物生物量最高，为2.45 mg/L，大化水库的生物量最低，为0.60 mg/L。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.14～3.22，均匀度指数为0.56～0.85。各梯级水库浮游植物组成相似性系数为0.35～0.70，龙滩水库和桥巩水库之间浮游植物组成相似性最大，为0.70，岩滩水库和百龙滩水库的相似性最小，为0.35。综合多种指标对水质进行评估，龙滩水库为贫-中营养型，岩滩、大化、百龙滩、乐滩、桥巩水库为贫营养型。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Hongshui River stretches across Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi Provinces, with a length of 1,553km and basin area of 130,870 km2. The cascaded hydropower development on the Hongshui River has provided huge benefits in terms of electricity generation, irrigation, water supply, tourism as well as the conservation of water and soil. However, changes in the water quality, hydrologic condition and river morphology of the Hongshui River caused by water resource development has resulted in eutrophication, loss of biodiversity and habitat degradation. In this study phytoplankton species composition, density, biomass, spatial distribution and biodiversity were investigated in the six cascaded reservoirs (Longtan, Yantan, Dahua, Bailongtan, Letan and Qiaogong) and the main tributaries of the Hongshui River basin. Sampling was conducted at 28 sites in June and July, 2009. Phytoplankton samples for qualitative analysis were collected with a No. 25 plankton net and samples for quantitative analysis were collected using 2 L of raw water concentrated to approximately 30 mL. Subsequent counting and classification under a microscope gave 84 phytoplankton species, belonging to 75 genera and 6 phyla, dominated by Bacillariophyta (51 species), Chlorophyta (17 species) and Cyanophyta (10 species) accounting, respectively, for 60.71%, 20.24% and 11.90% of the total phytoplankton species and Pyrrophyta, Chrysophyta and Rhodophyta accounted for 2 species (2.38%) each. The dominance index indicated that Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were the dominant populations in Longtan and Bailongtan Reservoirs; Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominated in Yantan, Dahua and Letan Reservoirs; Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, and Chrysophyta dominated in Qiaogong Reservoir. Phytoplankton density in the cascade reservoir ranged from 2.12×105 ind./L to 6.03×105 ind./L, with the highest value 6.03×105 ind./L in Bailongtan Reservoir and the lowest value 2.12×105ind./L in Longtan Reservoir. Phytoplankton biomass in the cascaded reservoirs ranged from 0.60 to 2.45 mg/L, with the maximum value in Longtan Reservoir and the minimum value in Dahua Reservoir. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and the similarity index of phytoplankton composition ranges were 2.14-3.22, 0.56-0.85 and 0.35-0.70, respectively. The highest degree of similarity was between Longtan Reservoir and Qiaogong Reservoir, while the lowest degree of similarity was between Yantan Reservoir and Bailongtan Reservoir. As a result, the water quality of Longtan Reservoir was mesotrophic-oligotrophic and the water quality of the other five reservoirs was oligotrophic based on the comprehensive assessment of the phytoplankton community indexes in these areas. |
| 王崇,憨雪莹,常秀岭,黄道明.2014.红水河流域梯级水库夏季浮游植物群落结构特征[J].水生态学杂志,35(6):75-80. |
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