| 凡纳滨幼虾采食不同蛋白水平日粮的免疫与消化率研究 |
| The Characteristics of Immunity and Digestibility About Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei Fed with Different Protein Diet |
| 投稿时间：2009-12-25 修订日期：2010-03-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:凡纳滨对虾 蛋白质营养 免疫力 蛋白质消化率 生长性能 |
| 英文关键词:Litopenaeus vannamei Protein levels Immunity Protein digestibility Growth performance |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）重点项目（2006AA100305） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在室内养殖条件下，进行单因素随机设计动物试验，即５种饲料蛋白质水平（３１％、３５％、３９％、４３％、４７％，以Ａ～Ｅ组表示）处理，投喂平均体重０．２ｇ的凡纳滨对虾（Ｌｉｔｏｅｎａｅｕｓｖａｎｎａｍｅｉ）幼体，养殖６０ｄ。研究结果表明，蛋白质营养对幼虾的生长、免疫与抗氧化指标和消化率特征影响显著。随着饲料蛋白水平的升高，特定生长率显著增加，饲料系数下降，Ｅ组的２项指标最好，分别为５．５２％／ｄ和１．９６。高蛋白质含量饲料有利于提高对虾免疫指标水平，血淋巴中血细胞浓度、Ｔ－ＡＯＣ活力、ＰＯＤ活力、溶菌酶活力、总蛋白含量随着饲料蛋白质水平提高而显著增加，各项指标Ｅ组最高，比Ａ组分别显著提高１３３．７％、２１．１％、１６．８％、２０．８％、１９．７％（Ｐ＜０.0５）；而ＳＯＤ活力Ｃ组最高，与Ａ组差异显著。凡纳滨幼虾对蛋白质的消化率随饲料蛋白质含量增加显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｅ组比Ａ组提高８．２％。通过饲料蛋白质水平与特定生长的回归分析，获得凡纳滨对虾幼体最大生长饲料蛋白质需要量为４６．５％。
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| 英文摘要: |
| The consequences of dietary protein levels on growth performance，immunity, anti-oxidation and feed digestibility of Litopenaeus vannamei were investigated in tank trials. Shrimps (0.2g) were fed diets with five different protein levels(31%，35%，39 %，43 % and 47 %)for 60 days. The results showed that variations in dietary protein significantly(P<0.05)influenced growth performance，immunity，anti-oxidation and feed digestibility. As the increasing of dietary protein levels，the SGR increased significantly and the FCR decreased significantly; Shrimps fed 47% dietary protein diet had the maximal special growth rate (5.52%/d) and the minimal feed conversion ( 1 .96).The total hemocyte counts，T-AOC activity，POD activity，LZM and total protein content in haemolymph were enhanced with the increase of protein content in the diet. Comparing with 31% protein content group，the above 5 indicators of 47% protein content which was the best group were enhanced by 133.7%, 21.1%, 16.8% ,20.8% ,19.7% respectively(P<0.05).The protein digestibility ranged between 75.06% and 81. 20%，and showed a positive correlation with the dietary protein levels. Based on the regression of the special growth rate and dietary protein levels，the optimum protein requirement for juvenile white-leg shrimps is 46.5 %.
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| 夏苏东,李勇,王文琪,唐士桥,王美琴.2010.凡纳滨幼虾采食不同蛋白水平日粮的免疫与消化率研究[J].水生态学杂志,31(5):76-81. |
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