| 同位素技术示踪水环境生源要素氮的来源及循环过程研究进展 |
| Research Advances on Tracing the Source and Cycling Process of Nitrogen in Aquatic Environments Using Isotopic Techniques |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-12 修订日期：2024-05-09 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202404120126 |
| 中文关键词:生源物质 氮 溯源技术 迁移转化 同位素 |
| 英文关键词:biogenic elements nitrogen source tracing techniques migration and transformation isotopes |
| 基金项目:河南省科技发展计划项目(242102321117)；南阳理工学院博士科研启动(NGBJ-2023-35)；国家自然科学基金(42377232)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 氮作为生态系统中的关键生源要素，对水环境质量和生态系统平衡至关重要。对水环境中氮的源解析及循环过程的研究进展进行了综述。首先概括了水环境中氮的主要来源（包括自然来源和人为来源），并探讨氮在水环境中的时空变化特点，强调自然因素（如降雨）和人为活动（如污水和农业施肥）对水环境中氮分布的影响。随后，详细阐述了同位素技术在识别水环境中氮来源的发展历程，主要历经了单同位素溯源阶段、双同位素溯源阶段以及多同位素联合溯源阶段。还讨论了同位素技术在辨别水环境中氮循环过程（包括硝化作用、反硝化作用、矿化作用和同化作用）中的应用。最后，指出了当前研究的不足，并展望了未来发展趋势，特别是在同位素技术与机器学习结合方面的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nitrogen is an essential biogenic element in ecosystems, and plays important role in maintaining the quality of aquatic environment and the balance of ecological system. However, nitrogen pollution in water environments has been becoming increasingly severe, posing a global environmental challenge. In this article, we reviewed the research advances on study of nitrogen source analysis and cycling processes in water environments. First, we summarized the main sources of nitrogen in the aquatic environments (including natural sources and anthropogenic sources), and discussed the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of nitrogen in water environments, emphasizing the impact of natural factors (such as rainfall) and human activities (like sewage discharge and agricultural fertilization) on the distribution of nitrogen. Then we elaborated the development of isotope technology in identifying the sources of nitrogen in the aquatic environment, which mainly went through three stages: the single isotope tracing phase, the dual isotope tracing phase, and the multi-isotope combined tracing phase. Next, we discussed the application of isotopic techniques in the analysis of nitrogen cycling processes in water environments, including nitrification, denitrification, mineralization, and assimilation. Finally, we analyzed the shortcomings of current research and put forward the future development trend, especially in the potential combination of isotopic techniques and machine learning. |
| 任朝斌,王 龙,张千千.2024.同位素技术示踪水环境生源要素氮的来源及循环过程研究进展[J].水生态学杂志,45(4):1-8. |
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