| 淀山湖浮游植物群落结构特征及水生态健康评价 |
| Phytoplankton Community Structure Characteristics and Ecological Health Assessment of Dianshan Lake |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-29 修订日期：2023-02-28 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202301290017 |
| 中文关键词:浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 水生态健康 淀山湖 |
| 英文关键词:phytoplankton community structure environmental factor water ecological health Dianshan Lake |
| 基金项目:上海市水务局科研项目（沪水科2021-10） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 淀山湖是黄浦江上游重要的饮用水源地保护区和生态涵养区，评估淀山湖水生态健康状况，可为淀山湖水环境改善及水资源保护提供基础资料。2013年、2016年、2019年和2022年的6月和9月在淀山湖布设6个站位进行浮游植物样品采集及水体理化指标监测，分析淀山湖夏初、秋初浮游植物的种类组成、数量和多样性等群落结构特点，并采用冗余分析（RDA）法探讨群落结构与环境因子的关系。调查期间共检出浮游植物7门80属169种，其中绿藻门占绝对优势，其次为硅藻门、蓝藻门和裸藻门，甲藻门、隐藻门和金藻门种类数较少；在数量上以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）和尖尾蓝隐藻（Chroomonas acuta）的优势最明显，其中铜绿微囊藻是引起淀山湖水华的主要物种，且易在9月湖区的西南方引起蓝藻水华；6月和9月浮游植物密度变动范围分别为1.69×106～3.08×106个/L和1.31×106～128.67×106个/L，6月在湖区东北方的平均密度最高，9月在湖区西南方的平均密度最高；水华暴发年份（2016年和2019年）9月平均密度明显高于同年6月，水华未暴发年份（2013年和2022年）9月平均密度则低于同年6月；冗余分析（RDA）结果显示水温、溶解氧、透明度、总磷、总氮和高锰酸盐指数等是主要环境影响因子；浮游植物群落主要受磷营养限制，其物种数量、密度及优势种主要受水温影响；采用不同指数法评价水质，发现Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数对淀山湖蓝藻水华的指示比综合营养状态指数更灵敏。根据研究结果可以判断淀山湖夏秋季水体总体上处于轻―中度富营养化水平，且呈轻污染程度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dianshan Lake is the important drinking water source and ecological conservation area, located in the upstream of Huangpu River. In the present study, we assessed the ecological health status of Dianshan Lake, aiming to provide basic data for the water environment improvement and water resource conservation of Dianshan Lake. The study was based on the phytoplankton community investigation at six sampling sites of Dianshan Lake (S1 & S6, outlet of the lake; S2 & S3, inlet of the lake; S4&S5, open area of the lake) in June and September of 2013, 2016, 2019 and 2022, focusing on species composition, quantity and diversity in early summer and autumn. Meanwhile, the relationship of the phytoplankton community and environmental factors were analyzed by using redundancy analysis (RDA). A total of 169 phytoplankton species, belonging to 80 genera and 7 phyla were identified, with the absolute dominance of Chlorophyta (74 species, 43.8%), followed by Bacillariophyta (40 species, 23.7%), Cyanophyta (24 species, 14.2%) and Euglenophyta (19 species, 11.2%), and the species number of Dinophyta, Cryptophyta and Chrysophyta were much less. Microcystis aeruginosa and Chroomonas acuta were the dominant species, and Microcystis aeruginosa was the primary species causing cyanobacterial blooms in the southwest of Dianshan Lake in September. Phytoplankton densities in June and September were in the range of 1.69-3.08×106 cells/Land 1.31-128.67×106 cells/L, respectively, with the maximum mean value in the northeast of Dianshan Lake in June and in the southwest of Dianshan Lake in September. The mean densities in September of the water bloom outbreak years (2016 and 2019) were significantly higher than that in June of the same year, while the results were opposite but less obvious during the non-outbreak years of water blooms (2013 and 2022). Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that temperature, DO, SD, TP, TN, and CODMn were the primary environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure, but the effects of temperature, DO, SD, TP, and TN were different between the outbreak years and non-outbreak years of water blooms. The phytoplankton community in Dianshan Lake in summer and autumn was mainly limited by phosphorus nutrition, and the species number, density and dominant species were mainly affected by temperature. Results of the water quality assessment show that Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices were more sensitive than the comprehensive?trophic level?index (TLI) in monitoring the cyanobacterial blooms in Dianshan Lake. Taken together, above results suggest that the water quality of Dianshan Lake in summer and autumn was in mild to moderate eutrophic level, accompanied with mild contamination. |
| 李 强,伦凤霞,葛婷婷.2024.淀山湖浮游植物群落结构特征及水生态健康评价[J].水生态学杂志,45(2):10-19. |
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