中国部分地表水体中五种全氟化合物的暴露特征与生态风险
Exposure and Ecological Risk of Five PFCs in Some Surface Waters of China
投稿时间:2022-08-30  修订日期:2022-10-18
DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202208300355
中文关键词:地表水体  PFCs  风险评估  安全阈值
英文关键词:surface water  perfluorinated compounds  risk assessment  safety threshold
基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07208-005);“六大人才高峰”高层次人才选拔培养资助项目(JNHB-134)
作者单位
黄洁慧 江苏环保产业技术研究院股份公司江苏 南京 210019江苏省废水无害化处理与资源化再生利用工程技术研究中心江苏 南京 210019 
郭文景 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所江苏 南京 210014 
于晓宁 江苏环保产业技术研究院股份公司江苏 南京 210019江苏省废水无害化处理与资源化再生利用工程技术研究中心江苏 南京 210019 
李 冰 江苏环保产业技术研究院股份公司江苏 南京 210019江苏省废水无害化处理与资源化再生利用工程技术研究中心江苏 南京 210019 
王向华 江苏环保产业技术研究院股份公司江苏 南京 210019江苏省废水无害化处理与资源化再生利用工程技术研究中心江苏 南京 210019 
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中文摘要:
      评估中国地表水体中全氟化合物(PFCs)对水生生物的潜在生态风险水平,为我国当前地表水体中PFCs的污染现状与风险管理提供科学依据。系统总结和分析中国地表水体中PFCs的暴露特征,并基于可利用的慢性毒性数据,采用概率生态风险评估法中的安全阈值法(MOS10)评价水体中5种PFCs(PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFDoA和PFOS)对水生生物的生态风险以及PFCs混合物对水生生物的联合生态风险。结果表明:在5种PFCs中,PFOA的浓度范围最大,为ND~772 ng·L-1,其暴露浓度累积概率分布曲线上50%、75%和95%对应的暴露浓度分别为6.99、26.01和188.80 ng·L-1,远高于累积概率对应暴露浓度为第二的PFOS;生态风险结果表明 PFOA、PFNA、PFDA、PFDoA和PFOS的MOS10均小于1,且暴露浓度超过影响5%的水生生物的概率分别为0%、3.31%、0%、1.00%和0%,说明5种PFCs对水生生物的生态风险较小; 此外,利用总等效浓度概念推导PFCs混合物的联合生态风险时,计算得出的MOS10也小于1,且总等效暴露浓度超过影响5%的水生生物的概率为5.42%,说明目前PFCs的地表水暴露对水生生物的生态风险属于可接受水平。
英文摘要:
      In this study, we analyzed the exposure characteristics of five perfluorinated compounds (PFCs: PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFDoA and PFOS) in the surface waters of China by collecting exposure data and reviewing chronic toxicity data for the five PFCs. The safety threshold method (MOS10) of the probabilistic ecological risk assessment method was then employed to evaluate the ecological risk of each PFC as well as their combined ecological risk. Our aim was to assess the potential ecological risk of PFCs in surface waters in China and provide a scientific basis for assessing and managing the risk of PFCs. Concentrations of the five PFCs in surface waters of 30 regions in China were obtained, and the respective concentration ranges for PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFDoA and PFOS were ND-772 ng/L, ND-73.6 ng/L, ND-94.9 ng/L, ND-33.3 ng/L and ND-286 ng/L. Among the five PFCs, the concentration range of PFOA was widest, and concentrations at the percentiles of 50, 75 and 95 were, respectively, 6.99, 26.01 and 188.80 ng/L, much higher than those for PFOS (1.33, 4.98 and 24.27 ng/L). Ecological risk assessment gave MOS10 values for all five PFCs of less than 1, and the probabilities of exposure concentrations of PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFDoA or PFOS exceeding 5th percentile chronic toxicity levels for aquatic organisms were, respectively, 0, 3.31%, 0, 1.00% and 0. From this it can be concluded that the ecological risk to aquatic organisms from the five individual PFCs is negligible. Further, the combined ecological risk of the five PFCs was evaluated, based on the total equivalent concentration, and the MOS10 value of the combined PFCs was also less than 1. The probability of the total equivalent concentration exceeding the 5th percentile toxicity value for aquatic organisms is 5.42%, suggesting an acceptable ecological risk level for exposure to PFCs in Chinese surface water.
黄洁慧,郭文景,于晓宁,李 冰,王向华.2023.中国部分地表水体中五种全氟化合物的暴露特征与生态风险[J].水生态学杂志,44(5):133-141.
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