| 基于生态系统服务价值评估的成都市生态补偿研究 |
| Ecological Compensation in Chengdu City Based on Ecosystem Service Assessment |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-25 修订日期：2022-10-01 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202208250345 |
| 中文关键词:生态系统服务价值 生态补偿优先级 生态补偿 成都市 |
| 英文关键词:ecosystem service value priority of ecological compensation ecological compensation Chengdu City |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41761081）；云南省基础研究计划项目（202201AU070112）；昆明理工大学引进人才科研启动基金项目（KKZ3202021055）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 生态补偿是实现区域生态环境和社会经济协调发展，调动各方生态环境保护积极性、促进生态文明制度建设、建立环境友好型社会的重要举措。采用修正的当量因子法，以成都市为例，基于2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2019年土地利用数据，分析全市20个县区的生态系统服务价值时空变化特征，确定研究区2019年各县区的生态补偿优先级和额度。结果表明：（1）从总体趋势看，成都市5个研究节点的生态系统服务总价值分别为208.27亿元、201.54亿元、197.84亿元、192.21亿元和189.39亿元，呈逐年下降趋势，20年来生态系统服务总价值累积减少了18.88亿元，总减幅为9.07%；（2）大邑县的生态补偿优先级别（ecological compensation priority sequence, ECPS）最高，ECPS高达0.0942，其次是邛崃市和都江堰市，ECPS分别为0.0755和0.0674；这3个区县生态系统服务价值较高，但同时，单位面积GDP垫底，大邑县、邛崃市和都江堰市为成都市的经济发展做出了一定的生态贡献，应优先获得生态补偿；（3）成都市2019年生态补偿总额度为11 040.17万元；大邑县生态补偿额度最多，达到2 415.80万元，占生态补偿总额的21.88%，其次是都江堰市和邛崃市，生态补偿总额度分别为1 843.71万元和1 799.15万元，分别占生态补偿总额的16.70%和16.30%。成都市2019年生态补偿额度仅占GDP的0.01%，成都市政府的财政压力并不大，生态补偿具有可操作性。此外，建议成都市拓宽补偿方式，探索开发性补偿，逐步缩小区域经济社会发展差距，保护好区域生态环境。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ecological compensation is an important measure for achieving coordinated development of the regional ecological environment and socio-economic conditions, energizing all parties to protect the environment, promoting an ecologically sensitive civilization, and establishing an environmentally friendly society. In this study, Chengdu City was selected as a case study, and we analyzed the spatio-temporal variation of ecosystem service values in 20 counties and districts of the city based on land use data for 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019. The ecological compensation priority and amount for each county and district was then determined for 2019 using the modified equivalent factor method. Results include: (1) The total value of ecosystem services in Chengdu were 20.827 billion yuan (2000), 20.154 billion yuan (2005), 19.784 billion yuan (2010), 19.21 billion yuan (2015) and 18.939 billion yuan (2019). In the past 20 years, the total value of ecosystem services decreased by 1.88 billion yuan (9.07%). (2) The priority levels of ecological compensation were highest for Dayi County, Qionglai and Dujiangyan Cities, with respective ecological compensation priority indices of 0.0942, 0.0755 and 0.0675. These districts and county provided high ecological benefits and made ecological contributions to the economic development of Chengdu City, while their GDP per unit area ranked near the bottom and they should be given priority to receive ecological compensation. (3) In 2019, the total amount of ecological compensation in Chengdu City was 110.4017 million yuan. Dayi County had the largest amount of ecological compensation, accounting for 24.1580 million yuan (21.88%) of the total ecological compensation, followed by Dujiangyan City at 18.4371 million yuan (16.70%) and Qionglai City at 17.9915 million yuan (16.30%). In 2019, ecological compensation accounted for only 0.01% of the GDP in Chengdu City. The financial pressure on the Chengdu city government is not great, so implementation of ecological compensation is feasible. Further, we suggest that Chengdu City broaden ecological compensation, explore developmental compensation, gradually narrow the gap of regional economic and social development, and increase protection of the regional ecological environment. |
| 曹 庆,赵俊三,林伊琳,陈国平,王荣耀,何万才.2024.基于生态系统服务价值评估的成都市生态补偿研究[J].水生态学杂志,45(6):28-36. |
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