| 赤水河河源段栖息地现状评价及修复对策探讨 |
| Health Status Assessment and Restoration Strategies of Habitat in the Headwaters of Chishui River Based on Fish Protection Priority |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-30 修订日期：2022-09-08 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202207300295 |
| 中文关键词:小水电拆除 优先保护 栖息地评价 评价标准 赤水河 |
| 英文关键词:small hydropower removal conservation priority habitat evaluation evaluation standard Chishui River |
| 基金项目:中国水科院创新团队专项(WE0145B042021, 城乡水系生态景观构建理论和技术研究) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 开展赤水河河源段重点鱼类优先保护排序及河道栖息地健康评价，为赤水河鱼类保护和栖息地修复提供参考。以赤水河河源段为研究区域，综合考虑区域内小水电拆除对鱼类栖息地的影响，依据AHP-熵权法，筛选了金沙鲈鲤、青石爬鮡、圆口铜鱼、岩原鲤、昆明裂腹鱼、长薄鳅6种优先保护鱼类，构建基于河流地貌特征、水文、水质及鱼类等4方面的河道栖息地健康评价指标体系，建立多尺度赤水河河源段栖息地综合评价标准。评价结果显示该河段仅30%河道栖息地为较好状况，50%河道栖息地处于一般状况，20%河道栖息地处于较差状况。小水电拆除可以有效恢复鱼类栖息地，但其质量仍需进一步提升，结合对研究区栖息地现状评估结果，可采取河道清理、卵砾石注入、河段平面形态修复等5种修复对策。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The headwaters of Chishui River are located in the Yunnan section of the National?Nature?Reserve?for?Rare?and?Endemic?Fishes?in?the?upper?reaches?of Yangtze?River. In recent years, demolition of small hydropower stations in the reserve has reduced fish habitat fragmentation, but the habitat remains seriously damaged. In this paper, we ranked the protection priority of important fish species in the Chishui River headwaters and a comprehensive habitat health assessment index was then developed to evaluate fish habitat in the section investigated. We aimed to provide a reference for fish conservation and habitat restoration of Chishui River. In November 2021 and April 2022, a fishery resource investigation was carried out in 18 river sections from upstream to downstream and information was collected on water quality, hydrology, and the river landform of sampling sites. To assess the disturbance to fish habitat resulting from the removal of small hydropower stations, a habitat health assessment index was developed consisting of 10 parameters from four aspects: river landform, hydrology, water quality and fish protection priority. The weight of each component of the habitat health assessment system was calculated using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The habitat health evaluation system includes four status grades based on the AHP score: excellent, good, fair, poor, and the index system was used to assess the habitat status of the Chishui River headwaters. Six fish species with protection priority were screened according to the AHP-Entropy weight method, including Percocypris pingi, Euchiloglanis davidi, Coreius guichenoti, Procypris rabaudi, Schizothorax grahami and Leptobotia elongata. Habitat evaluation results show that 30% of the river habitat was in good condition, 50% of the river habitat was in fair condition, and 20% of the river habitat was in poor condition. Removal of small hydropower stations partially restored fish habitat, but the quality of the habitat needs further improvement. In addition to the habitat status assessment, five river restoration strategies were recommended: channel dredging, addition gravel, flat form restoration, and construction of gravel bars and ecological spur dikes. |
| 李 轩,张 晶,艾祖军,赵进勇,于子铖,韩会玲,冯 硕.2023.赤水河河源段栖息地现状评价及修复对策探讨[J].水生态学杂志,44(2):34-43. |
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