| 基于SRP模型的新安江流域生态脆弱性评价 |
| Evaluation of Ecological Vulnerability in Xin’anjiang River Basin Based on SRP Modelling |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-20 修订日期：2024-03-28 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202204200130 |
| 中文关键词:SRP模型 生态脆弱性 层次分析法 生态修复 新安江流域 |
| 英文关键词:SRP model ecological vulnerability analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ecological restoration Xin'anjiang River basin |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（42071368）；国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目（U2033216） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 开展生态脆弱性与流域生态补偿机制研究，对环境保护与生态修复具有重要意义。选取反应流域生态环境的相关指标，构建生态敏感性-生态恢复力-生态压力度模型（SRP），运用层次分析法并结合专家打分对指标权重进行赋值，在500 m×500 m的栅格尺度下叠加生态红线的划定，对新安江流域2015－2020年的生态脆弱性进行评价，可为区域生态保护与修复提出对策和建议。研究表明：(1)新安江流域整体生态状况良好，极度脆弱区仅占1%左右，且与人类活动强度的空间耦合性较好，呈现由中部核心区向周围逐渐衰减的态势；(2)5年间流域生态敏感性向好发展，生态恢复力略有下降，生态压力度维持在稳定态势，整体生态脆弱性结构稳定，脆弱性强度值虽下降了0.12，但86.6%区域的脆弱性等级未发生变化；(3)县域尺度上，脆弱性变化出现“马太效应”，生态环境较脆弱的屯溪区、徽州区和黟县生态脆弱性上升，而生态环境较好的祁门县、休宁县和黄山区生态脆弱性下降；(4)流域生态红线保护区受人类生产生活影响较小，基本无极度脆弱区存在，但仍需加大水源涵养功能保护区的维护力度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The study of ecological vulnerability is important for identifying regional ecological and environmental problems and carrying out ecological protection and restoration. We analyzed the ecological vulnerability of Xin'anjiang River basin in Anhui Province from 2015 to 2020 by superimposing the ecological red line delimited at a scale of 500 m × 500 m. The evaluation was based on an ecological sensitivity-resilience-pressure (SRP) model, consisting of 13 indices that accurately and appropriately reflect ecological conditions in the basin, and the weight of each index was assigned by expert scoring and analytic hierarchy. Based on the results, countermeasures and suggestions for regional ecological protection and restoration were recommended. There were four major conclusions: (1) The overall ecological condition of Xin’anjiang River basin is good, and the ecological vulnerability of the basin did not change significantly during the study period, 2015-2020. The area of extreme vulnerability was approximately 1% in 2015 and 1.3% in 2020 and presented good spatial coupling with the intensity of human activities, with gradual attenuation from the central core to the surrounding area. (2) Ecological sensitivity in the Xin’anjiang River basin developed well during the investigation period. Ecological resilience decreased slightly, and the ecological pressure and overall ecological vulnerability were stable. The vulnerability intensity decreased by 0.12, while the vulnerability level (86.6%) of the study area did not change. (3) At the county scale, vulnerability displayed the Matthew effect, and the ecological vulnerability of Tunxi District, Huizhou District and Yi County with fragile ecological environments increased, while the ecological vulnerability of Qimen County, Xiuning County and Huangshan District with robust ecological environments decreased. (4) The ecological red line areas in the basin were little affected by human production and life, and there were no extremely vulnerable areas, but maintenance of water conservation areas should be strengthened. The successful evaluation of ecological vulnerability in Xin'anjiang River basin demonstrates the power of ecological thinking. |
| 王 熙,李建松,刘权毅,张建新,唐心悦.2024.基于SRP模型的新安江流域生态脆弱性评价[J].水生态学杂志,45(2):1-9. |
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