| 近20a济南泉域水源涵养量的时空变化特征 |
| Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Conservation Capacity in the Jinan Spring Basin over the Past 20 Years |
| 投稿时间：2022-02-21 修订日期：2023-09-08 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202202210044 |
| 中文关键词:水源涵养 Invest模型 土地利用 济南泉域 |
| 英文关键词:water conservation Invest model land use type Jinan spring basin |
| 基金项目:黄河流域生态状况评估（2015-2020年）(鲁环函[2020]202号) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨济南市泉域范围的水源涵养量，利用Arcgis软件划定泉域范围，通过解译2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年的Landsat遥感影像数据，获取范围内土地利用类型；基于Invest模型并结合气象、土壤、地形等数据估算泉域水源涵养量，分析了近20年来泉域水源涵养量和涵养能力的时空变化及影响因素。结果表明，与2000年相比，泉域内土地利用类型变化较大，其中耕地面积变化最大，减少了470.1 km2；城乡居民点和工矿用地增长较快，增幅为9.1%；林地草地面积也呈增长态势，增幅为4.1%，面积占比达到了32.3%。泉域水源涵养量为157.9～238.3 mm，均值为188.8 mm，受降水影响较大；泉域水源涵养率为23.5%～25.9%，平均为24.2%，水源涵养能力较低。时间上，多年水源涵养率基本保持稳定；空间上，南部山区水源涵养能力较之前有所提升，中部受城市化影响而下降显著。各土地利用类型水源涵养量从大到小依次为：林地>草地>耕地>未利用土地>城乡居民点和工矿用地>水域和湿地，水源涵养率分别为49.15%、30.32%、20.09%、17.69%、8.62%和8.31%。区域内水源涵养功能区以一般重要区为主，面积占比40%，极重要区内林地占比为94.62%。植被类型和气象因素是影响区域水源涵养的主要因素，应结合土壤类型适当调整植被配置。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, the spring basin of Jinan City was selected for research, and we estimated the water conservation volume within the spring area in 2000, 2005, 2020, 2015 and 2020 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model and annual data on the meteorology, soil and landform. Further, the spatial-temporal variation of the water conservation volume and capacity as well as the influencing factors during the period 2000-2020 were analyzed. Our aim was to provide theoretical evidence for the conservation of spring and spring conservation capacity in the context of urban development. ArcGIS software was used to delineate the spring areas, and land use types within the areas (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020) were obtained by interpreting Landsat remote sensing image data. Land use changed significantly during the investigation period, with the largest variation in cultivated land area, which decreased by 14.8% (470.1 km2). Residential and industrial land increased rapidly, with a combined increase of 9.1% (290.8 km2). The area of forest and grassland, accounting for 32.3% of the total area, also increased by 4.1%. Water source conservation capacity in the spring area was in the range, 157.9-238.3 mm, and the average value, 188.8 mm, was greatly affected by precipitation. The water conservation rate in the spring area ranged from 23.5% to 25.9%, with an average of 24.2%, and the water conservation capacity was relatively low. Temporarily, the water conservation rate has remained stable for many years. Spatially, the water conservation capacity of the southern mountain area has improved over the past 20 years, while the water conservation capacity of the central area has significantly decreased due to urbanization. Water conservation for each land use type, in descending order, was forest land > grassland > cultivated land > unused land > residential and industrial land > water bodies and wetlands, with respective water conservation rates of 49.15%, 30.32%, 20.09%, 17.69%, 8.62% and 8.31%. The functional water source conservation area within the region was primarily in a few important areas, accounting for 40% of the conservation and forest land was extremely important, accounting for 94.62%. The vegetation type and meteorological conditions were the primary factors affecting water conservation, and the vegetation type should therefore be adjusted according to soil type. |
| 刘建军,田 勇,姜腾龙,孙 军,刘贵芬,杨晓钰.2023.近20a济南泉域水源涵养量的时空变化特征[J].水生态学杂志,44(5):48-57. |
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