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三江并流区澜沧江干流捕食线虫真菌的水陆分布模式探究

Terrestrial and Aquatic Distribution Patterns of Nematode-trapping Fungi in the Mainstream of Lancang River of the Three Parallel Rivers Area

投稿时间：2022-01-02 修订日期：2022-03-31

DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202201020002

中文关键词:流域捕食线虫真菌多样性分布水陆关系

英文关键词:watershed nematode-trapping fungi diversity distribution aquatic-terrestrial link

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（U1602262; 31760126）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目（2022Y890）

作者	单位
张欣	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003
张发	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003
邓巍	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003
杨晓燕	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003 大理大学三江并流区域生物多样性保护与利用云南省创新团队, 云南大理671003
李娜	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003
肖文	大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理671003 云南省高校洱海流域保护与可持续发展研究重点实验室, 云南大理671003 大理大学三江并流区域生物多样性保护与利用云南省创新团队, 云南大理671003 中国三江并流区域生物多样性协同创新中心, 云南大理671003

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中文摘要:

为研究三江并流区澜沧江干流水、陆生境中的捕食线虫真菌（Nematode-Trapping Fungi，NTF）多样性分布差异，在该区域布设9个采样区对NTF进行调查，并分析NTF在澜沧江流域不同空间尺度下的水陆分布模式。每个样区设置水、陆对称采样点各5个，每个采样点用5点法采集水、陆样品各1份，共采集90份样品。采用单孢子挑离法获得NTF纯培养，结合形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定物种。共获得2属13种76株NTF，其中陆生土壤中检出2属11种49株，水体底泥中检出1属6种27株。结果显示，NTF物种组成在三江并流区澜沧江干流水、陆生境间存在较大差异，具有水陆异质性分布模式，干流陆地上具有比水生环境中更高的物种检出率和物种多样性；此外，与之前对澜沧江支流NTF的水陆分布研究结果相比，NTF在干流上水陆分布差异比支流更大，表明在流域生态系统中，NTF的监测结果同时也能反映不同空间尺度下的环境异质性，以流域为研究单元，以NTF为研究对象，可能更有助于了解微生物的空间分布格局。

英文摘要:

In this study, we investigated the diversity of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) in both terrestrial and aquatic environments in the mainstream of the Lancang River basin in Yunnan Province and analyzed the distribution patterns of the microorganisms between terrestrial and aquatic environments in the Lancang River watershed at different spatial scales. Nine sampling areas were systematically selected in the study area, with five terrestrial and five aquatic sampling points at each sampling area, and the five-point method was used to collect aquatic sediment and terrestrial soil samples. A total of 90 samples were collected. Pure cultures of NTF were obtained by single spore isolation, and the species were identified by morphological and molecular techniques. A total of 76 NTF strains from 13 species of 2 genera were isolated from the mainstream of Lancang River, including 49 NTF strains from 11 species of 2 genera from terrestrial soil, and 27 NTF strains from 6 species of 1 genus from aquatic sediment. There was a heterogeneous distribution pattern of NTF between terrestrial and aquatic environments, and the species detection rate and species diversity in the terrestrial environment were higher than those in the aquatic environment. Compared with a previous study on the distribution of NTF in the tributaries of Lancang River, there was a larger difference in the NTF distribution between the terrestrial and aquatic environments in the mainstream than in the tributaries. It is likely that these results reflect environmental heterogeneity due to different spatial scales in the watershed, and it is more useful to understand the spatial distribution pattern by taking the entire watershed as the research area and NTF as the subject.

张欣,张发,邓巍,杨晓燕,李娜,肖文.2023.三江并流区澜沧江干流捕食线虫真菌的水陆分布模式探究[J].水生态学杂志,44(6):128-135.

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